不同胶体类型灌溉水对塿土中重金属解吸及运移的影响  

Effect of different colloids in irrigation water on the desorption and migration of heavy metals in Lou soil

作　　者：谢冰怡 姜延吉[1] 孙慧敏[1,2] 全敏[1] 胡震[1] 尚浩博[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2016年第11期2094-2100,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21207106;21207107);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2014JQ5184;2012JQ5012);中央高校基本科研业务专项(QN2011017;2452015348)

摘　　要：利用蒙脱石胶体悬液、胡敏酸胶体悬液和蒸馏水模拟无机、有机和纯净型灌溉水,进行重金属污染土壤的解吸和土柱淋溶实验,测定土壤中Ni、Cd和Pb的含量。研究表明：三种灌溉水质对Cd的解吸能力均大于Ni、Pb,Cd的总解吸率可达16.34%～26.51%;Cd和Ni第一次解吸率均高于第二次解吸率,而Pb则相反;对Cd、Ni的解吸能力最强的是有机型灌溉水,而对Pb的解吸能力最强的则是无机型灌溉水。土柱淋滤实验表明,Cd在土壤中的移动性很强,Ni次之,Pb在土壤中的移动性最差。水质对Cd迁移的影响最为明显,在淋洗30 d后即可见水质对迁移的影响差异;水质对Ni的影响次之,在淋洗45 d后方可显见;水质对Pb的运移在实验期间无影响。A series of desorption and column leaching experiments were conducted with three types irrigation water（inorganic, organic and pure irrigation water）. The experiment were designed to simulate colloidal suspensions of montmorillonite and humic acid, and distilled water, respectively. The contents of nickel（Ni）, cadmium（Cd）and lead（Pb）in the soil were analyzed. The results showed that the desorption capacity of Cd was greater than that of Ni and Pb in three desorption irrigation water. The total desorption rate of Cd ranged from16.34% to 26.51%. The inital desorption rates of Cd and Ni were higher than the second desorption rates, while Pb had the contrary trend.Within the three irrigation waters, the organic water has the strongest desorption capacity for Cd and Ni, while the inorganic irrigation water has the strongest capacity for Pb. The results of the soil column leaching experiment showed that Cd was the most, while Pb was the least mobile element in the soil among the three elements. The different irrigation waters had significant effect on the migration of Cd after 30 days leaching, on the migration of Ni after 45 days leaching, but had no effect on the migration of Pb during the experiment.

关 键 词：灌溉水 土壤 重金属 解吸 迁移 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]