有机插层剂对交联聚乙烯/OMMT纳米复合电介质机械性能与热稳定性的影响  

The Influence of Organic Intercalants on Mechanical Properties and Thermostability of Crosslinked PP / OMMT Nanocomposite Dielectrics

作　　者：李秀峰[1] 咸日常[1] 杨培杰 陈友福 

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学电气与电子工程学院,山东淄博255000 [2]南京中超新材料股份有限公司,江苏南京211301

出　　处：《塑料工业》2016年第11期143-147,共5页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2015EL039);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2016024)

摘　　要：选用两种有机插层剂(十八烷基季铵盐和双十八烷基苄基季铵盐)处理的蒙脱土,采用熔融共混的方法,分别制备了无相容剂和以乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)为相容剂的交联聚乙烯/蒙脱土(XLPE/OMMT)纳米复合体系,并对纳米复合材料的机械性能进行了测试。结果表明,加入的有机化OMMT与交联聚乙烯形成了较大的界面相互作用力,限制了交联聚乙烯分子链段的运动,可显著提高纳米复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂能和弹性模量。插层效果好的纳米复合材料,高温段的储能模量最大提高了4倍。采用热失重分析仪(TGA)研究了有机插层剂对热稳定性的影响,结果表明,有机化OMMT的均匀分散的片层状结构,可阻隔氧及挥发性降解产物的渗透与扩散,阻隔基体与燃烧区的热质传递,从而显著提高纳米复合材料的热稳定性。有机化OMMT的插层分散效果是影响纳米复合体系机械性能和热稳定性的关键。The organic montmorillonite （OMMT） particles treated by two organic intercalants （octadecyl quaternary ammonium salt and double octadecyl benzyl quaternary ammonium salt） were melting blended with crosslinked polyethylene （XLPE） to prepare the nanocomposite without a compatililizer and with the compatililizer of vinyl acetate copolymer （EVA）. The mechanical properties were experimentally investigated to study the nanocomposites. It is verified that organic OMMT forms a large interfacial interaction with the polymer matrix, which restrictes the chain segment movement. The addition of OMMT increases the tensile strength, fracture energy and elasticity modulus of all nanocomposites. Nanocomposites with good intercalation can improve the high-temperature storage modulus of XLPE to four times. Thermo gravimetric analysis was carried out to characterize the influence of organic intercalants on the thermostability of nanocomposites. The results showed that clay layered structure of homo-dispersed organic OMMT, which could barrier the infiltration and diffusion of oxygen and volatile degradation products, hinder the thermal mass transfer between matrix and the burning area, hence improve the thermal stability of the nanocomposites significantly. The uniformity of intercalating dispersion are the main factor influencing the mechanical properties and thermostability.

关 键 词：有机插层剂 交联聚乙烯 蒙脱土 纳米复合材料 机械性能 热稳定性 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB332