矿渣型泥石流源区土体的入渗特性  

Infiltration Characteristics of Soil in Mine Waste Debris Flow Source Region

作　　者：朱兴华[1,2] 庄建琦[1,2] 李亚哲[1,2] 张利勇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西部矿产资源与地质环境教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [2]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2016年第5期96-99,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划)项目"黄土重大灾害及灾害链的发生;演化机制及防控理论"(2014CB744702);国家自然科学基金项目(41402255);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC06B02);中国博士后基金项目(2015M572512)

摘　　要：[目的]分析矿渣型泥石流源区不同类型土体的入渗特性及差异,为矿渣型泥石流源区的流域水文过程分析提供可靠的基础数据。[方法]以小秦岭金矿区大西岔泥石流沟为研究流域,通过野外双环原位试验,分别测定大西岔沟源区的新矿渣,堆积1a的矿渣,堆积4a的矿渣,耕地和草地这5种不同类型土体的入渗特性,并以霍顿模型对试验数据进行了拟合率定。[结果]通过试验数据分析发现,新矿渣的初始入渗率最大,而堆积4a的矿渣入渗率最小;稳定入渗率方面,耕地的稳定入渗率最大,达到了0.062mm/s。[结论]土体的初始入渗速率由土体密实度决定;而土体的稳定入渗率则由土体的级配特性所决定。[Objective] We aim to analyze the infiltration characteristics of mine waste in order to provide the scientific research data for the hydrological processes analysis in mine waste debris flow basin.[Methods] Daxicha gully in Xiaoqinling gold mine was chosen as the research area. The infiltration characteristics of 5 different types of soil including fresh mine waste, the 1-year mine waste, the 4-year mine waste, the grass and farmland were investigated by double-ring infiltration experiments. The experimental data were then used to fit into Horton experience formula.[Results] According to the analysis results, fresh mine waste had the largest initial infiltration rate and the 4-year mine waste had the least initial infiltration rate. The stable infiltration rate of farmland was highest, which reached to 0.062 mm/s.[Conclusion] Initial infiltration rate of soil is affected by the soil compaction degree, and the stable infiltration rate is determined by the grading characteristic of mine waste debris flow prevention.

关 键 词：矿渣 泥石流 双环试验 初始入渗率 稳定入渗率 

分 类 号：TV144[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]