新疆塔城市农牧区村卫生室卫生服务能力现状及对策  

The status and countermeasures of health service capabilities of village clinics in agricultural and pastoral areas of Tacheng,Xinjiang

作　　者：蒋佩[1] 李新辉[1] 陈江芸 贾学斌[2] 李文平 加依尔别克 韩林俐 王谨[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院,新疆石河子832002 [2]塔城市人民医院,新疆塔城834700 [3]塔城市恰夏镇卫生院,新疆塔城834712 [4]塔城市牧业医院,新疆塔城834700

出　　处：《中国卫生资源》2016年第6期522-527,共6页Chinese Health Resources

基　　金：2013年度国家社会科学基金项目"新疆牧业地区农村基层医疗卫生服务体系可持续发展研究"(13XGL017)

摘　　要：目的 :了解塔城市农牧区村卫生室卫生服务能力现状及存在的问题,提出相应的政策建议。方法 :2015年7—8月,采用典型抽样对塔城市恰夏镇卫生院和牧业医院所属的31所村卫生室的基础设施、基本设备、卫生服务情况(包括基本医疗服务和基本公共卫生服务)以及36名卫生人员的基本情况进行问卷调查,访谈7名关键知情人。结果 :调查地区村卫生室的基础设施建设和设备配置水平不容乐观,农牧民切实所需的医疗设备配置严重不足;卫生人员匮乏、业务素质偏低是制约卫生服务能力提升的关键;基本公共卫生服务普遍开展,基本医疗服务功能呈弱化的趋势。访谈发现:村卫生室以提供基本公共卫生服务为主;卫生人才紧缺;现行工资待遇差是卫生人才不愿意来和长期留下的主要原因。结论 :塔城市农牧区村卫生室卫生服务能力较为薄弱,面临着与普通农村地区不同的、更具有地域特点的问题。政府应因地制宜地构建适合农牧区的、差异化的人才吸引优惠政策,完善乡村医生的学历教育与继续教育,加强其业务能力培训,同时有效落实村卫生室的标准化建设,提高基本设备配置水平,逐步完善村卫生室服务功能。Objective ：To investigate the status of health service capabilities of village clinics in agricultural and pastoral areas of Tacheng,Xinjiang,and to put forward policy suggestions. Methods ：From July 2015 to August 2015,a typical sampling method was used. The infrastructure,basic equipment and health services（including basic medical services and basic public health services） of 31 village clinics and the status of 36 health professionals were investigated. Seven key respondents were selected to conduct in-depth interviews. Results ：The infrastructure and equipment configuration of village clinics were not satisfying,and the medical equipment that farmers and herdsmen needed were in serious shortage. The lack of health personnel and low professional capacity restricted the improvement of health service capabilities. Basic public health services were widely carried out and basic medical services were weakened. It was found through the interviews that village clinics mainly provided basic public health services and were facing health personnel shortage caused by poor salary. Conclusion ：The health service capabilities of village clinics were poor in the agricultural and pastoral areas of Tacheng. The problems had regional characteristics and were different with those in the common rural areas. It is suggested that the government formulate policies to attract health professionals based on local conditions,improve academic education,continuing education and professional training of rural doctors,implement standardized construction,strengthen basic equipment configuration,and enhance health service capabilities of village clinics.

关 键 词：农牧区 村卫生室 卫生服务能力 

分 类 号：R197.62[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]