医院静脉药物配置中心配药人员工作相关肌肉骨骼损伤与工效学负荷水平关系分析  

Musculoskeletal disorders and ergonomic load levels among staff in pharmacy intravenous admixture services

作　　者：陈惠[1] 郑秀娟[2] 王萍霞[1] 沈波[3] CHEN Hui ZHEN Xiujuan WANG Pingxia SHEN Bo(Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services of Fujian Province Tumor Hospital,Fuzhou,Fujian 350014,China Union Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省肿瘤医院静脉药物配置中心,福建福州350014 [2]福建医科大学附属协和医院,福建福州350001 [3]福州市疾病预防控制中心,福建福州350004

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2016年第5期355-358,共4页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：福州市科技计划项目(编号:2015-S-150)

摘　　要：目的了解静脉药物配置中心（PIVAS）配药人员工作相关肌肉骨骼损伤（WMSDs）状况及其影响因素,尤其是工效学负荷水平的影响,为今后预防WMSDs的发生提供资料。方法选择3家三级甲等医院126名PIVAS配药人员进行肌肉骨骼疾患的流行病学调查,并对相关资料进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果 PIVAS配药人员过去一年内WMSDs总患病率为40.5%,居前四位的部位为颈部、腕/手部、肩部和上背部,WMSDs的患病率分别为36.51%、28.57%、23.81%和17.46%,4个部位WMSDs的患病率均有随工效学负荷水平的增加而增加的趋势（P〈0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,相比低的工效学负荷,高、极高的工效学负荷水平是颈部WMSDs患病的危险因素（OR=4.943、4.820,P〈0.05）;相比〈30岁,40~岁是颈部WMSDs患病的危险因素（OR=3.032,P〈0.05）;相比PIVAS工龄〈1年,工龄3~年是颈部WMSDs患病的危险因素（OR=2.481,P〈0.05）。结论 PIVAS配药人员WMSDs有一定的职业特征,且与工效学负荷水平有明显的关系。应改善工效学负荷水平来降低WMSDs发生,同时做好对年龄较大、工龄较长员工的保护。Objective To investigate work-related musculoskeletal disorders （WMSDs） status, their risk factors, and the ergonomic load levels of staff in pharmacy intravenous admixture services（PIVAS）. Methods Totally 126 staff in PIVAS from 3 general hospitals were investigated and their WMSDs and the risk factors were surveyed. Results The prevalence of WMSDs among these staff in PIVAS was 40.5%in the past year. The top four body parts associated with WMSDs were neck, hand/wrist, shoulder and upper back. The occurrence rates of WMSDs in these four body parts were 36.51%,28.57%,23.81%,and 17.46%, respectively. The rates of WMSDs increased with increasing ergonomic load levels （P〈0.05）. Compared with the low ergonomic load,both high and very high ergonomic load levels led to a higher rate of neck WMSDs （OR = 4.943,4.820,P 〈 0.05）. Compared with age under 30 years old,the staff with age over 40 years old had a higher rate of neck WMSDs（OR =3.032,P〈0.05）. Compared with employment time less than 1 year in PIVAS,the staff with employment more than 3 years in PIVAS had a higher rate of neck WMSDs （OR=2.481,P〈0.05）. Conclusion The staff in PIVAS had a high occurrence of WMSDs, which was significantly related to operation in PIVAS and ergonomic load levels. Efforts are needed to improve ergonomics load in order to reduce the occurrence of WMSDs.

关 键 词：工作相关疾病 肌肉骨骼损伤 静脉药物配置中心 工效学负荷 回归分析 

分 类 号：X910[环境科学与工程—安全科学]