主干形桃树冠层3D模型构建及光截获与果实品质的空间分布研究  

Study on 3D Trunk Model Construction of Peach Tree Canopies and Light Interception and Space Distribution of Fruit Quality

作　　者：石佩[1] 刘航空[1] 白红[1] 郭东花[1] 陶佳[1] 范崇辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2016年第9期1371-1378,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD16B04);陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划(2015KTCL02-29);杨凌农业科技示范推广能力提升项目(2014-TS-41)~~

摘　　要：以6a生主干形桃树为试材,研究树体空间的枝条分布、果实数量、果实品质及光截获效率（STAR）变化。应用三维数字化仪和PiafDigit软件对桃树进行数字化信息采集,构建冠层叶幕3D模型,按照树体空间坐标,将树体划分为16个区位（上、中上、中下、下,内膛、中内膛、中外膛、外膛等8个区域的交叉部分）。结果表明：1花束状果枝数量最多且主要分布于（1-1.8m,40-60cm）和（1.8-2.6m,20-60cm）;短果枝主要分布于（1.8-2.6m,20-40cm）和（〉2.6m,〉60cm）;中果枝主要分布于（1-1.8m,〉40cm）、（〉2.6m,〉40cm）、（1.8-2.6m,20-60cm）;长果枝主要分布于（〉2.6m,〉40cm）和（1-1.8m,〉60cm）;徒长性果枝主要分布于（1-1.8m,〉60cm）。2在（〉2.6m,〉60cm）区域内果实数量最多,其次为（〉2.6m,20-40cm）和（1.8-2.6m,20-40cm）。3在（1-1.8m,〈20cm）区域内的果实色差最大;在（〉2.6m,20-40cm）区域内的果实可溶性固形物°Brix值最高;在（〈1m,〉60cm）和（〉2.6m,〈20cm）区域内果实总酸质量分数最大;在（〈1m,〈20cm）和（〈1m,40-60cm）区域内果实硬度最大;在（〉2.6m,〈20cm）区域内果实单果质量最大。4在（〉2.6m,〈20cm）区域内枝类STAR值最大,其次为（1.8-2.6m,〉60cm）和（〉2.6m,〉20cm）区域内,与其他部位存在显著性差异。表明,果实的主要结果、高产区域（〉2.6m,〉60cm）和（〉2.6m,20-40cm）不仅光照好、果实品质优而且中长枝数量多。Abstract Three 6-year-old trunk peach trees were chosen as materials to study the branch distribu- tion, fruit number, fruit quality and tree light interception from silhouette to total leaf area ratios （STAR）. The structures of 3D representations of leaf canopy were digitized to obtain with an electro- magnetic 3D digitizer and a PiafDigit software. The tree body was divided into 16 locations based on space coordinate to study the branch distribution, fruit number, fruit quality and tree light intercep- tion from silhouette to total leaf area ratios （STAR）. The results showed that the largest number of bouquet branches distributed in （1-1.8 m,40-60 era） and （1.8-2. 6 m, 20-60 cm）,the short shoots distributed in（1.8-2.6 m; 20-40 cm） and （〉2.6 m, 〉60 cm）, medium shoots distributed in （1-1.8 m, 〉40 cm）,（〉2.6 m, 〉40 cm） and （1.8-2.6 m, 20-60 cm）,long shoots distributed in （〉2.6 m, 〉40 cm）and（1-1.8 m,〉60 em）,water sprouts distributed in（l-1.8 m,〉60 cm）; the largest number of fruits could be found in （〉2.6 m,〉60 cm） ,followed by（〉2.6 m, 20-40 cm） and（1.8-2.6 m, 20-40 cm） ;high spatial heterogeneity was observed for highest level chromatic ab- erration of fruit（1-1.8 m, 〈20 cm） ,the highest Brix value of soluble solid （〉2.6 m, 20-40 cm）, the highest total acid mass fraction （〈1 m, 〉60 cm）; （〉2. 6 m, %20 cm）,maximum firmness （〈1 m,40--60 era）and fruit mass （〉2.6 m, 〈20 cm）. （〉2.6 m, 〈20 cm） area had the largest STAR value, followed by （1.8-2.6 m, 〉60 cm） and （〉2.6 m, 〉20 cm）, and there were significant differences among other parts. The study demonstrated that high-yielding areas（〉2.6 m,〈60 cm） and （〉2.6 m,20-40 cm） with more medium-long shoots could get good illumination and high- quality fruit but gain lax regulation in production for the whole canopy.

关 键 词：桃树 主干形 三维数字化 冠层 模拟 光截获 果实品质 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]