如何缓解中国企业研发投入结构失衡?  

How to Ease the Structural Imbalance of R&D Investment in China?

作　　者：王海[1] 肖兴志[1] 尹俊雅 WANG Hai XIAO Xingzhi YIN Junya(Center for Industrial and Business Organization, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian 116025, China)

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学产业组织与企业组织研究中心,辽宁大连116025

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2016年第5期47-57,共11页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(12&ZD068)

摘　　要：在考虑声誉资本的基础上,依据研发投入结构将企业分为研究型与试验型企业,采用数理模型对如何缓解企业研发投入结构失衡问题进行探究。分析发现,试验型企业质量提升会促使其进行基础、应用研究,而研究型企业质量提升对其研究投入形成抑制。我国公共服务不完善、贫富不均与消费观扭曲的状况愈发严重,进而形成了创新绩效上的"马太效应"。此外,声誉效应会加大企业从事研发的动力。因此,调整企业研发投入结构时,政府一方面可以完善声誉甄别机制,引导企业结构调整;另一方面,在创新初期适当参与基础、应用研究,同时应加强现有专利保护制度,健全质量甄别机制,引导消费观念调整,拓宽企业融资渠道,诱使企业踏上研究型道路。Considering the reputation capital, we divide the enterprises into research-oriented and experiment-oriented enterprises on the basis of R＆D investment structure, and explore how to ease the structural imbalance of R＆D investment through mathematical models. The results show that the quality improvement in experiment-oriented enterprises will encourage them to improve their basic and applied research, hut the quality improvement in research-oriented enterprises will restrain their own research investment. The imperfect of Chinese public services, uneven distribution of wealth and distortions of con- sumption concept have made this influence more serious, inducing the ＂Matthew Effect＂ on the innovation performance. In addition, reputation effect will increase the R＆D investment motivation of enterprises. Therefore, we believe that, on the one hand, the government may improve the reputation mechanism to guide enterprises adjust their R＆D structure. On the other hand, the government should properly participate in basic and applied research in the early stages of innovation, strengthen existing patent protection system, improve the screening mechanism of quality, guide consumption concept and broaden finan- cing channels for enterprises to induce enterprises to become research-oriented.

关 键 词：基础研究 应用研究 试验发展 质量 声誉 企业创新 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济]