寒地温室豆角耗水规律分析及节水灌溉模式优化  

Water Consumption Pattern Analysis and Water-saving Irrigation Mode Optimization on Snap Bean in Greenhouse of Cold Region

作　　者：滕云[1,2] 张忠学[1] 陶延怀 司振江 刘淑艳 于振良 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水利与建筑学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省水利科学研究院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第11期44-47,51,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：水利部"948"计划项目(200815;201222);黑龙江省科技攻关计划项目(GZ08B103)

摘　　要：为了探索北方寒冷地区温室蔬菜的耗水规律,基于温室豆角滴灌试验,采用正交试验设计,研究了寒地温室不同生育期不同灌水定额对秋季豆角耗水规律及产量与水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:豆角在苗期耗水模数最高为37.75%,在开花期耗水强度最高为2.83mm/d;苗期灌水量对豆角产量的影响显著,产量及水分利用效率最佳的灌溉模式为:苗期灌水定额为12mm、开花期灌水定额为12mm、结荚期灌水定额为24mm、采摘期灌水定额为6mm,可提高产量7.63%,灌溉水利用效率提高98.26%,达到27.48kg/m3,该节水灌溉模式可实现豆角高产及水分利用高效的统一,为指导北方寒冷地区温室豆角的节水灌溉提供依据。In order to study water consumption of greenhouse vegetable, based on orthogonal experiment design, through drip irriga- tion experiment of snap bean in greenhouse, the effects of different irrigation quota during the different growth period on water con- sumption pattern, yield and water use efficiency are studied. The results show that the highest water consumption modulus is 37.75 % at seedling stage; the highest water consumption rate is 2.83 mm/d at flowering stage; irrigation quantity of seeding stage affects the yield of snap bean significantly, the best drip irrigation quota to yield and water use efficiency is 12 mm at seeding stage, 12 mm at flowering stage, 24mm at pod-setting stage, and 6mm at the picking period. This pattern can improve yield by 7. 63%, WL/E by 98. 26%, which can reach to 27.48 kg/ma. It realizes the unification of yield and water use efficiency.

关 键 词：寒地温室 豆角 滴灌 耗水规律 灌溉模式 优化 

分 类 号：S607.1[农业科学—园艺学] S643.1