不同季节对半散养黑冠鹤(Balearica pavonina)行为的影响  

Seasonal Influence on the Behavior of Black Crowned-Crane(Balearica pavonina)

作　　者：王悦[1] 杨锴斌 吴汝梓 吴晓宇[1] 田秀华[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2016年第4期330-336,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：教育部十二五国家级实验教学示范中心建设项目

摘　　要：2014年4~12月,对北方森林动物园从非洲引进的半散养黑冠鹤17只,采用目标取样法和扫描法相结合的方法对其行为进行观察和对比研究。研究结果表明：不同季节对黑冠鹤行为时间分配有明显的影响,觅食行为表现为差异性显著（P≤0.05）,护理行为、静栖行为、警戒行为、鸣叫行为、打斗行为表现为差异性极显著（P≤0.01）,其他行为表现为差异性不显著。8月不同天气对黑冠鹤行为时间分配的影响表现为：静栖行为表现为差异性显著（P≤0.05）,觅食行为、护理行为、游走行为表现为差异性极显著（P≤0.01）,其他行为表现为差异性不显著。对比冬季笼养和春季半散养黑冠鹤的行为时间分配研究发现,由于场地大小不同,其行为也存在差异：其中觅食行为、静栖行为、警戒行为表现为差异性极显著（P≤0.01）,护理行为表现为差异性显著（P≤0.05）,其他行为表现为差异性不显著。因此不同季节对黑冠鹤行为有很大的影响。We observed and compared the behaviors of 17 semi-free- ranging black crowned-crane（Balearica pavonina） introduced from Africa and housed at the Northern Forest Zoo.We used objective sampling and scanning sampling from April to December 2014.The seasonal influence on the behavioral time budget of black crowned-crane was significant in foraging（P≤0.05）,extremely significant（P≤0.01） in nursing,relaxing,vigilance,tweeting,and fighting,and not significant in other behaviors.In August,weather conditions affected relaxing（P≤0.05）and strongly affected（P≤0.01） foraging,nursing,and walking,but did not affect other behaviors.Behavior time budgets of black crowned- cranes in cages in winter and in semi- free- ranging in spring were different due to the different enclosure area.Foraging,relaxing,and vigilance differed strongly（P≤0.01）,nursing differed;P≤0.05）,and durations of other behaviors were similar in both seasons.We concluded that seasons dramatically influenced behaviors of black crowned-crane.

关 键 词：黑冠鹤 行为比例 行为节律 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]