中药渣有机肥对丹参的促生作用以及土壤酶活性的影响  

Effect of herb residue compost on growth and physiological properties of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., and soil enzyme activity

作　　者：陈美兰[1,2] 申业[1,2] 杨光[1,2] 李鹏英[1,2] 黄璐琦[1,2] CHEN MeiLan SHEN Ye YANG Guang LI PengYing HUANG LuQi(National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药资源中心,北京100700 [2]道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700

出　　处：《中国科学：生命科学》2016年第11期1296-1303,共8页Scientia Sinica(Vitae)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:81403048);中国中医科学院自由探索项目(批准号:Zz0708116)资助

摘　　要：中药渣是优质的有机肥原料,但是目前多数被当作生活垃圾处理,不仅占用了大量的土地资源,污染了土地及地下水,而且还造成资源的浪费.本课题组针对上述情况,研究了中药渣有机肥对丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.)生长、生理特征以及土壤酶影响.结果表明,5种中药渣有机肥都能不同程度地促进丹参生长,其中麦芽渣处理组作用最强,其次为连翘渣处理组和白术渣处理组,作用最小的为苦参渣处理组和丹皮渣处理组,丹皮渣处理组与CK组之间具有无显著性差异.5种中药渣有机肥都能改善丹参根系结构,其作用强弱顺序与促进丹参植物生长的结果一致.另外,5种中药渣处理组都能显著性地提高丹参植株叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm、叶片面积、叶绿素荧光参数NPQ.而对于土壤酶活性的影响,5种中药渣处理组作用也不同,其中麦芽渣和苦参渣显著地提高土壤磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性.Herb residue is a post-decoction material that can be used as organic fertilizer. Unfortunately, it is currently disposed of as solid waste. This method of disposal is a waste of this resource and a source of environmental pollution. We studied effects of five different herb residue composts on growth, the physiological properties of Salvia miltiorrhiza bge. f.alba, as well as soil enzyme activity. Our results show that all five herb residues can improve the growth of S. miltiorrhiza at different degree. Hordei fructus germinates residue had the most pronounced effect, the residues of Forsythia fructus and Atractylodis macrocephalae rhizome showed moderate improvement, and those of Salviae miltiorrhizae radix and Sophorae flavescentis redix showed the least improvement in our test. There was no significant difference between Moutan cortex residue and the control group. The result of the effects of five herb residue on the improvement of root system architecture was consistent with that for the total biomass. The five herb residues also significantly improved chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm and leaf area, and decreased chlorophyll fluorescence parameters NPQ. Analysis of soil enzymes showed that the effects of five herb residues were different. Residues of Hordei fructus germinates and Sophorae flavescentis radix significantly improved the activities of phosphatase and invertase.

关 键 词：中药渣 丹参 生长 生理特征 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]