庚子政潮及对中外开平矿权纠葛的影响——兼论1907—1912年前后官场与市场之离合  

The Political Struggles of 1900 and Their Influence on the Dispute over the Kaiping Coal Mine Ownership among Chinese and Foreigners:Along with the Complicated Interactions between Government and Market during 1907 through 1912

作　　者：王天根[1] Wang Tiangen

机构地区：[1]安徽大学新闻传播学院

出　　处：《史学月刊》2016年第11期62-78,共17页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"不列颠图书馆藏中国近代珍稀文献辑录;校勘并考释"(15ZDB038);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(13BXW011);教育部新世纪人才支持项目(NCET-13-0642)

摘　　要：1907—1912年开平矿权中外纠葛再度面临抉择,涉及官场与市场的交融与对峙。就开平矿权而言,官督起关键性作用,直隶总督袁世凯在开平矿权对外交涉中实是中方的代表,开平矿权随着丁未政潮的权力交替而有浮沉;袁世凯等意欲筹办滦州煤矿,借助官场运作,使得滦州煤矿在煤价销售上压倒开平煤矿,从而达到"以滦收开"。英方通过市场竞争付以角力,旨在"以开并滦"。恶性竞争造成开、滦两败俱伤,外交斡旋亦随之展开。随着光绪、慈禧去世及袁世凯下台,清廷政局逆转。开平煤矿与滦州煤矿终以张翼得一百万两的补偿、袁世凯之子袁克定成为中方代理人而告终,实权仍为英方掌握。市场与官场角力,竟致开平矿权再回故辙,滦州煤矿矿权沦于英人手中。清季国贫民弱意义上的市场竞争,实为殖民者攫利正当性之自我赋权。In the years of 1907 through 1912, a decision involving interaction between officialdom and market had to be made on the ownership of Kaiping Coal Mine. As for the ownership of Kaiping Coal Mine, the government＇ s supervision played a key role in it. As the Governor of Zhili Province, on behalf of China in the diplomatic negotiations, Yuan Shikai wished to control the Kaiping Coal Mine, so he made the coal price of the Luanzhoucoal Mine lower than Kaiping coal by maneuvering officialdom in order to annex the Kaiping Coal Mine by the Luanzhou Coal Mine. Aimed at merging the Luanzhou Coal Mine by the Kaiping Coal Mine, the British took part in commercial combat. Cut throat competition led to loss at both sides, so caused a diplomatic negotiation between Britain and China. After the end of the Qing dynasty, the competition between Kaiping Coal Mine and Luanzhou Coal Mine ended in Yuan keding, a son of Yuan Shikai as China＇s agent, while Zhang Yi received one-million liang compensation, however, the real power was in the British control. The conflicts and cooperation between officialdom and market only resulted in Kaiping Coal Mine＇s returning to its past course and the Luanzhou Coal Mine falling into the British control. In the weak and poor Qing dynasty market competition actually provided justification for the colonists＇ profit making activities.

关 键 词：丁未政潮 开平矿权 1907-1912年 官场 市场 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]