气候变化对湖库水环境的潜在影响研究进展  

A review of the potential impacts of climate change on water environment in lakes and reservoirs

作　　者：张晨[1] 来世玉 高学平[1] 刘汉安 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2016年第4期691-700,共10页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50909070);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体科学基金项目(51321065);天津市自然科学基金项目(13JCQNJC09200)联合资助

摘　　要：本文着重归纳气候变化对湖库热力特性、冰期、溶解氧、营养盐、浮游植物和水生植物等方面的影响规律,探讨气候变化对湖库水环境潜在影响的区域差异,讨论现有研究方法的优缺点和发展前景.研究表明,气候变暖对湖库物理过程的影响最为显著;热带草原气候和温带海洋性气候对于气候变暖和降雨变化的响应较其他气候类型突出;气候变化对湖库水环境的影响效果具有两面性.通过分析各气候类型中气候变暖对磷水平的潜在影响差异表明,亚热带季风气候的湖库更可能受气候变暖的影响趋于富营养状态.在今后研究中,建议深入开展各气候类型中区域性气候变化对湖库水环境影响的实例研究.The objective of the study is to review the research advances in potential impacts of climate change on water environment in lakes and reservoirs. The paper generalizes the effect of climate change on thermal stratification, ice duration, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, phytoplankton, and structure and function of ecosystem in lakes and reservoirs, as well as differences of climate-related responses to water environment are influenced in lakes and reservoirs. The advantages, disadvantages and development of methods in existing studies are discussed. The processes of potential impacts of climate change on water environment of lakes and reservoirs in climate zones are also discussed. It is significant impact of global warming on physical processes in lakes. The responses to global wanning and change of rainfall in savannah climate and temperate maritime climate are higher than other climate zones. There are negative and positive impacts of climate change on water environment. The potential impacts of global warming on total phosphorus in each climate zones are analyzed. The result shows that lakes are tend to be eutrophic due to global warming in subtropical mon- soon climate. Considering the spatial variations of climatic factors, regional impacts of climate change of different climate zones on water environment in lakes and reservoirs as the perspective on the subject is provided.

关 键 词：气候变化 气候类型 水环境 区域差异 湖泊 水库 潜在影响 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]