洪泽湖3种沉水植物附着细菌群落结构及多样性  

Diversity and community structure of epiphytic bacteria on different submerged macrophytes in Lake Hongze

作　　者：马杰[1,2,3] 范婤 王国祥[1,2,3] 韩睿明[1,2,3] 董彬[1,2,3,4] 冀峰[1,2,3] 彭云[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院 [2]江苏省环境演变与生态建设重点实验室 [3]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 [4]临沂大学资源环境学院,临沂276000

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2016年第4期852-858,共7页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41173078,41403064);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101-008-02);江苏省科技厅高校自然科学研究面上项目(14KJB610007)联合资助

摘　　要：沉水植物茎叶表面附着的藻、菌及其他物质,不仅影响沉水植物自身生长,而且影响水体物质循环过程,附着藻类的研究已经有不少报道,但附着细菌的报道相对较少.采用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)技术,研究洪泽湖典型沉水植物——菹草(Potamogeton crispus)、篦齿眼子菜(Potamogeton pectinatus)、金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum)在生长旺盛期叶表面附着细菌的群落结构及多样性特征,并采用冗余分析法探讨环境因子对附着细菌丰度的影响.结果表明,(1)3种沉水植物附着细菌群落结构有明显的差异性.143 bp T-RF在菹草和篦齿眼子菜中的相对丰度平均达到了20%和11%,而在金鱼藻中的相对丰度小于1%;89 bp T-RF在金鱼藻中的相对丰度平均约为13%,而在菹草和篦齿眼子菜中相对丰度小于5%.94 bp T-RF在菹草样品中相对丰度超过15%,而在其他样品中未被检测出.(2)从多样性角度分析,3种沉水植物附着细菌多样性大小依次为篦齿眼子菜>菹草>金鱼藻.(3)部分限制性片段的丰度受环境因子的影响较大,如89、94、143和227 bp T-RFs.而如167 bp T-RFs在3种沉水植物中的相对丰度分布较为稳定,受上述环境因子的限制较小.根据细菌比对结果,洪泽湖附着细菌的优势菌群可能属于拟杆菌门(Bacteroides)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)3个门类.Algae, epiphytic bacteria and other substances attached to the surface of submerged macrophytes affected not only the growth of submerged macrophytes but also the mass cycling in aquatic ecosystems. Previously, many reports were focus on the influ- ence from algae, far few were related to epiphytic bacteria. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism （ T-RFLP ） method was used to investigate the epiphytic bacteria communities attached to three common submerged macrophytes （ Potamogeton pectinatus, Potamogeton crispus and Ceratophyllum demersum） in Lake Hongze. The relationship between environmental factors and the a- bundance of epiphytle bacteria were analyzed by means of redundancy analysis （RDA）. The resuhs showed that： （ 1 ） Epiphytic bacteria varied greatly in community structure among the three macrophytes. The relative abundance of 143 bp T-RF in P. crispus and P. pectinatus reached 20% and 11% in average respectively, while less than 1% in C. demersum; the relative abundance of 89 bp T-RF in C. demersum has an average of 13% while less than 5% in P. crispus and P. pectinatus. The relative abundance of 94 bp T-RF in P. crispus was more than 15%, but it was even not detected in other two macrophytes. （2） The diversity of epiphytic bac-teria were in the order P. pectinatus 〉P. crispus 〉C. demersum. （3） Results of RDA illustrated that some T-RFs, such as 89, 94, 143 and 227 bp T-RFs, were under the influence of the environmental factors. The relative abundance of 167 bp T-RFs in three kinds of submerged macrophytes was stably distributed, which indicated limited influence from the above environmental factors. In addition, the dominant epiphytic bacteria in Lake Hongze were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria.

关 键 词：附着细菌 T-RFLP技术 沉水植物 群落结构 群落多样性 洪泽湖 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]