分流对冲与多级扩容组合式自动集沙仪设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Shunt-hedging and Multi-stage Expansion Combined Automatic Sand Sampler

作　　者：宋涛[1,2] 陈智[1] 边炳传[2] 刘海洋[1] 宣传忠[1] 司志民[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]泰山学院机械与工程学院,泰安271000

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2016年第11期134-141,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41361058;41161045)

摘　　要：针对强风时自动集沙仪测量精度和集沙效率受扰动问题,提出了分流对冲与多级扩容组合降速法,设计了分流对冲与多级扩容组合式自动集沙仪,阐述了风沙分离器和数据无线采集系统的设计原理,并对风沙分离器降速及分离性能、集沙仪抗强风干扰性能和集沙效率等进行了试验分析。结果表明,分流对冲与多级扩容组合式自动集沙仪具备了抗强风干扰性能,可实时、连续和远距离无线采集数据,自由旋转的起动风速为4.23 m/s,等动力性为92.94%,平均集沙效率为90.42%,当风速低于18 m/s时,粒径55.36μm以上的土样只要进入集沙仪,就可被完全收集;数据无线采集系统的供电续航能力达31 h以上,无障碍时信号传输距离为208.51 m,可较好地满足土壤风蚀量的自动观测需求。Since the beginning of the new century, the research on the field observation and test equipment has been developed, and many important results have been achieved. To overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the current test equipment, improve the level of soil erosion theory, scientifically prevent and control soil erosion, developing more advanced and practical soil erosion test equipment has a great significance. For the problems of measuring accuracy of automatic sand sampler and sand collection efficiency affected by strong wind interference, a shunt-hedging and multi-stage expansion combined reducing velocity method was proposed, a shunt-hedging and multi-stage expansion combined automatic sand sampler was designed, design principle of sand separator and data wireless acquisition system were expounded, and a test and analysis on reducing velocity and separation performance of sand separator, anti strong wind interference performance and collection efficiency of sand sampler were carried out. The results showed that shunt-hedging and multi-stage expansion combined automatic sand sampler had anti strong wind interference performance and it could collect data in real- time, continuously and in a long distance wireless. The starting wind speed of free rotation was 4.23 m/s, equal dynamic property was 92.94% , average sand collection efficiency was 90.42% , when wind speed was less than 18 m/s, as long as soil samples which particle was greater than 55.36 μm entered sand sampler, can be fully collected, power supply battery life of data wireless acquisition system was up to 31 h. The signal transmission distance was 208.51 m without obstacles, which can well meet the automatic observation need for soil erosion mass.

关 键 词：集沙仪 分流对冲与多级扩容 集沙效率 无线采集系统 

分 类 号：S237[农业科学—农业机械化工程]