牛粪污螺旋挤压式固液分离机优化设计与试验  

Optimal Design and Experiment of Screw Extrusion Solid-liquid Separator for Cow Manure

作　　者：关正军[1] 王新志[1] 张旭[1] 王伟东[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院,大庆163319

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2016年第11期192-197,149,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD21B04)

摘　　要：为优化螺旋挤压式固液分离机工作参数,研究了牛粪尿TS质量分数为10%时,变径螺旋轴分离段锥度、分离筛笼栅条间隙、螺旋轴转速、出料端部压力对机器分离效率、原料的固体去除率和机器能耗的影响。经参数优化和试验验证,在螺旋轴分离段锥度2.68°、分离筛笼栅条间隙1 mm、螺旋轴转速60 r/min、出料端部初始压力3 250 N时,分离效率可达746.18 kg/h,固体去除率可达49.84%,分离后固体的含水率为61%,分离效果较好。Solid-liquid separating is an effective way to pre-treat dairy manure. In order to further reduce the moisture content of separated solid and improve the efficiency of solid-liquid separation, a new screw extrusion separator was designed based on the theory of changing diameter screw compression and material characteristics of cow manure. The screw extrusion separator was constituted by feed hopper, feed sleeve, separation sleeve, separation screen, screw axis, discharge device with press-adjusting spring, three- phase motor and so on. Both the diameter of axis and the pitch of screw blade were changed in a linear fashion. The design equations of diameter and blade pitch were elaborated. The paper studied the relationship between separation performance and structure of screw axis, structure of separation screen, rotational speed of screw axis, press of discharge end. The separation performance was expressed in two main following aspects： separation efficiency and solid removal rate. An orthogonal experiment was done, which took taper of screw axis, clearance size of separation screen, rotational speed of screw axis and press of discharge end as factors. The experiment results indicated that the optimal condition for the separator was as follows： the taper of screw axis was 2.68~, the clearance size of separation screen was 1 mm, the rotational speed of screw axis was 60 r/min, and the press of discharge end was 3 250 N. Validation test showed that the separation efficiency was 746. 18 kg/h, the solid removal rate was 49.84% and the moisture content of separated solid was 61%. The results showed that the separator met the expected requirements and achieved running well. Compared with original separator, DN140 screw ertrusion solid-liquid separators was more efficient, its solid removal rate was lower and power was higher. It would be an promising approach for pretreatment of cow manure by using the new machine.

关 键 词：牛粪 固液分离 螺旋挤压 参数优化 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]