某抗生素生产企业职业接触7-ACA和6-APA工人健康状况研究  

Investigation on health status of workers exposed to 7-ACA and 6-APA in an antibiotic enterprise

作　　者：高珊珊[1,2] 李侠[2] 宋占帅 陈晓文[2] 郑传斌[2] 徐明[2] 

机构地区：[1]济南大学,山东省医学科学院医学与生命科学学院,山东济南250062 [2]山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院,250062

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2016年第5期568-571,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：山东省医学科学院青年基金(2015-63);山东省安全生产科技发展计划项目(2015-14)

摘　　要：目的调查某抗生素生产企业职业接触7-氨基头孢烷酸(7-ACA)和6-氨基青霉烷酸(6-APA)工人健康状况。方法采用单纯随机抽样法,以某抗生素生产企业职业接触7-ACA和6-APA的207名工人为接触组,以该企业无粉尘接触史的162名工人为对照组。对2组工人职业健康检查结果进行分析。结果接触组工人胸闷、咳嗽、气短、喘息、皮肤瘙痒等症状的发生率,以及支气管哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、过敏性皮炎的发生率均高于对照组(P<0.05),第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比、用力肺活量占预计值的百分比和1秒率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。7-ACA接触亚组和6-APA接触亚组工人上述指标分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.017)。接触组工人支气管哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的发生率均随工龄的延长而增加(P<0.05)。结论职业接触7-ACA和6-APA的工人呼吸系统症状发生率较高,容易发生职业性哮喘和过敏性鼻炎。Objective To investigate the health status of workers exposed to 7-aminocephalosporanic acid（ 7-ACA） and6-aminopenicillanic acid（ 6-APA） in an antibiotics enterprise. Methods Using simple random sampling method,207 workers exposed to 7-ACA and 6-APA from an antibiotic production enterprise were selected as the exposed group,and 162 workers with no dust exposure history from the same antibiotic production enterprise were selected as control group. Health examinations were performed. The health status of the workers were analyzed. Results The detection of symptoms（ chest distress,shortness of breath,cough,wheezing,itchy skin） and allergic diseases（ bronchial asthma,allergic rhinitis,allergic dermatitis） in exposed group were higher than those in control group（ P〈0. 05）. The lung function indexes such as forced vital capacity（ FVC）,forced expiratory volume in first second（ FEV1） and FEV1/ FVC in the exposed group were lower than those in control group（ P〈0. 05）. There was no significant difference in the lung function indexes,respiratory and skin allergy symptoms,and allergic diseases between 7-ACA subgroup and 6-APA subgroup（ P〈0. 017）.The incidence of bronchial asthma,allergic rhinitis had statistical differences in the length of dust exposure in service workers（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Workers exposed to 7-ACA and 6-APA have a high occurrence rate of respiratory symptoms. These workers also suffered from occupational diseases such as bronchial asthma,allergic rhinitis and others.

关 键 词：7-氨基头孢烷酸 6-氨基青霉烷酸 支气管哮喘 过敏性鼻炎 过敏性皮炎 职业危害 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]