我国公共卫生专业技术人员工作能力及其影响因素研究  

Work capability and its influencing factors in public health workers

作　　者：汤小辉[1] 李朝林[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋石油总公司质量健康安全环保部,北京100010 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,100050

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2016年第5期586-589,共4页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：北京市疾病预防控制中心;河北省疾病预防控制中心;辽宁省疾病预防控制中心;江苏省疾病预防控制中心;山东省疾病预防控制中心;浙江省疾病预防控制中心;河南省职业病防治研究院;湖南省职业病防治院;广东省职业病防治院

摘　　要：目的分析我国公共卫生专业技术人员(以下简称"公共卫生人员")工作能力及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样法,以2 688名公共卫生人员为研究对象,采用《工作能力指数调查表》测量其工作能力,并调查其自觉工作压力等级。结果公共卫生人员工作能力得分为(37.1±5.1)分,处于中等水平。男性公共卫生人员工作能力得分高于女性(P<0.01);地市级单位公共卫生人员工作能力得分高于省级单位者(P<0.05);公共卫生人员工作能力得分随着工作压力的增加而减少(P<0.05)。对于公共卫生人员,自觉工作压力一般、大、很大者出现工作能力弱的风险均高于自觉工作压力小者(P<0.01),女性较男性出现工作能力弱的风险高(P<0.01),省级单位公共卫生人员较地市级单位者出现工作能力弱的风险高(P<0.01),文化程度高者、已婚者、科室负责人出现工作能力弱的风险相对较低(P<0.05)。结论文化程度、工作压力和任职职务是影响工作能力的主要因素;提高文化水平、降低工作压力、努力创造人员晋升的平台是提高公共卫生人员工作能力的关键。Objective To investigate the work capability and its influencing factors in public health workers. Methods By the stratified cluster sampling method,2 688 public health workers were selected. The Work Ability Index（ WAI）questionnaire was used to measure the work capability. The conscious work pressure was survey. Results The score of WAI for public health workers was（ 37. 1 ± 5. 1）,which was in the middle level. Male public health workers had higher score of WAI than that of female workers（ P〈0. 01）; the scores of WAI for public health workers with municipal units were higher than those with provincial units（ P〈0. 05）. The work ability decreased with the increase of work pressure（P〈0. 05）. The public health workers who had moderate pressure,high pressure and very high pressure were more likely to have reduced work capability than those who had low pressure（ P〈0. 01）. Female public health workers were more likely to have lower work capability than that of male workers（ P〈0. 01）. Public health workers with provincial units were more likely to have lower work capability than that of municipal units（ P〈0. 01）. Workers with high education background,married and in charge of departments were less likely to have low work capability（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Education background,work pressure,middle and senior level of management were the major contributors of work capability. The key factors to improve work capability of public health workers are to improve educational level,reduce work pressure and create a good promotion platform for public health workers.

关 键 词：公共卫生 专业技术人员 工作能力 压力 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]