端部锚固锚杆预应力场分布特征的大型模型试验研究  

Large scale model test on the distribution characteristics of the prestressed field of end-anchored bolts

作　　者：林健[1,2,3] 石垚[1,2,3] 孙志勇[1,2,3] 王正胜[1,2,3] 蔡嘉芳[1,2,3] LIN Jian SHI Yao SUN Zhiyong WANG Zhengsheng CAI Jiafang(Coal Mining and Designing Department, Tiandi Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China Coal Mining and Designing Branch, China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China State Key Laboratory of Coal Resource High-efficiency Mining and Clean Utilization, China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China)

机构地区：[1]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学研究总院开采设计研究分院,北京100013 [3]煤炭科学研究总院煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2016年第11期2237-2247,共11页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金煤炭联合基金重点项目(U1261211);天地科技青年创新基金项目(KJ–2015–TDKC–10)~~

摘　　要：为了研究预应力端部锚固锚杆预应力场在围岩体中的分布特征,设计并制作大型锚杆支护应力场测试试验台。试验结果表明:(1)单根锚杆的应力场在空间中的分布形态类似于"石榴"状,随着扩散半径的增大应力等值面的分布逐渐由密到疏,应力值逐渐由高到低,分布范围逐渐由小到大;(2)在锚杆自由段两端和锚固段附近分别形成了2个压应力相对集中区和1个拉应力相对集中区,压应力主要分布在锚杆自由段附近围岩内,并向锚固段附近围岩扩散;(3)应力沿着锚杆轴线方向的分布规律与测线和锚杆之间的距离有关,应力沿着水平方向的变化规律与测线和模型表面之间的距离有关;(4)预紧力不同,应力场的宏观分布形态基本一致,但同一应力等值面的分布范围将发生显著改变。试验结果对更深入认识锚杆支护作用机制和工程中优化锚杆支护设计方案均有一定的指导意义。A large scale field test bench for prestressed bolt was manufactured to study the distribution characteristics of the prestressed field around the end-anchored bolt. The results show that the distribution pattern of the prestressed field of a single anchor is similar to the shape of pomegranate. The stress contour surfaces vary gradually from dense to sparse,the stress values descend gradually and the distribution ranges enlarge gradually. Two concentration zones of compressive stresses form in the rock in the vicinity of the anchorage and a concentration zone of tensile stress forms near the anchor head. The distribution of the stress along the axis of the bolt is related to the distance between the measuring line and the anchor bolt. The variation of the stress along the horizontal direction is related to the distance between the measuring line and the surface of the model. Although the pre-loads are different,the stress field distributions are basically the same,but the distribution ranges of the stress contour surfaces change significantly.

关 键 词：采矿工程 端部锚固 预应力场 分布特征 模型试验 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]