风宪与立宪:清季都察院裁改的冲突  

Fengxian Of?ce and Constitutionalism:the Con?icts of the Superintendent Department and the Reform in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：林剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史系

出　　处：《学术研究》2016年第11期127-133,共7页Academic Research

基　　金：中山大学"三大建设"专项资助的阶段性成果

摘　　要：清末预备立宪,京内官制改革首当其冲,各部院或更名或裁撤合并。风宪衙门都察院何去何从,朝臣和舆论建言献策,裁改意见分歧明显,一方面,内有因势而变的改革动力,外有分化组合的改革压力;另一方面,科道鼓噪而鸣,高层矛盾重重,上下难以和衷共济,争执乃至冲突始终存在。激烈交锋之后,主政者权衡利弊,保存名目、变通整顿成为都察院维系皇权体制与进入宪政政体的折衷选择,既影响了1906年丙午改制成效,也为日后再议裁改埋下伏笔。Among all the preparations for constitutionalism in the late Qing dynasty,the reform of internal bureaucracy was the first thing to do.While some ministries were permitted to retain their old name,the others were to renamed them.However,capital of? cials and media had different opinions on reconstructing Fengxian of? ce.On one hand,facing the grievous situation,of? cials in the superintendent department acted in their own way to promote the reform.On the other hand,based on the close relationship between the superintendent department and other ministries,the reform happened in other ministries actually affect the reform progress of the superintendent department.After an intense debate among the of? cials,Empress Cixi ? nally made a compromise that the superintendent department should be kept,but it had to be more ? exible to maintain the imperial system and adapt itself to the constitutionalism.However,since the changes was not so obvious,the reform had in fact limited the 1906 reform ultimately.

关 键 词：都察院 预备立宪 风宪 丙午改制 

分 类 号：K257.5[历史地理—历史学]