俄罗斯法人分类所有制基础隐退对我国的启示  

Retreat of the Russian Ownership System Classifying Legal Persons and Its Implications in China

作　　者：王春梅[1] WANG Chunmei(Law School of Heilongjiang University, Harbin Heilongjiang 150080, China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学法学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《法学论坛》2016年第6期148-157,共10页Legal Forum

基　　金：教育部人文社科规划基金项目<中国民事主体制度的苏联移植与当代抉择>(13YJA820047)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：在苏联民法中,所有制曾一度奠定了其所有权和民事主体分类之基础,甚至成为苏联民法及其民事主体制度的最大特点之一。但随着苏联与俄罗斯经济与社会的发展,其所有制关系不断走向变革,民事立法上的所有权和民事主体分类基础也发生了变化。就法人分类而言,虽然由于俄罗斯过渡性市场经济的特点,还存在着一些特殊标准,但法人活动的性质已经成为《俄联邦民法典》对法人分类的主要标准,由此昭示着俄罗斯法人分类所有制基础的隐退与消失。而法人分类基础上的所有制话语从20世纪50年代纳入我国立法之后,历经了60-80年代的扩张与持续后,至今仍然大量遗留,从而导致对平等原则的背离与立法上的区别对待,而我国平等多元民事主体制度的构建则要求彻底清除与消解法人分类的所有制基础。In Russian Civil law, the ownership system has ever been the basis of classifying all ownership and civil subjects, and even becomes one of distinctive features in Russian civil law and civil subject system. With the development of Soviet and Russian economy and society, its ownership relationship is moving towards reforms which have caused some changes concerning ownership and classified principles of civil subjects. As far as the classification of legal persons, there exist some special standards due to the transforming Russian market economy, but the nature of actions of legal persons has become the main standard classifying le- gal persons in accordance with Russian Civil law, which reveals the retreat and disappearance of Russian ownership system classi- fying legal persons. However, the ownership system classifying legal persons still plays important role in our legislation since it was absorbed into our legislation in 1950s, and was enlarged and developed from 1960s to 1980s, which leads to deviation from equality principle and different legislation concerning different legal persons. Moreover, the building of the equal and multiple civil subjects system requires eliminating and dispelling the ownership system classifying legal persons.

关 键 词：俄罗斯法 所有制 所有权 法人分类 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]