上海市浦东新区PM2.5污染水平及其主要成分的分布特征  

Pollution Level and Major Constituents Distribution Characteristics of PM2.5 in Pudong New Area,Shanghai

作　　者：杨敏娟[1] 沈惠平[1] 黄云彪[1] 赵宜静[1] 王文朋[1] 胡燕[1] 张珏[1] 郝莉鹏 孙乔[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心,复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海200136

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2016年第11期1026-1030,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：上海市浦东新区卫生局卫生科技项目(编号:PW2013D12);上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心科技项目(编号:PDCDC-2014-04)

摘　　要：[目的]了解上海市浦东新区PM_(2.5)污染水平及其主要成分的分布特征。[方法]在上海市浦东新区设置5个监测点,于2014年9月—2015年8月共采集有效PM_(2.5)样品409件,并对其中15种多环芳烃和21种重金属进行含量分析。[结果]研究期间PM_(2.5)日平均质量浓度80.98μg/m^3,超标率44.3%,最高超标倍数3.5倍;15种优控多环芳烃在PM_(2.5)中均有检出,总体平均质量浓度为(9.694±10.012)ng/m^3,含量最高为苯并[g,h,i]芘(1.836 ng/m^3),最低为蒽(0.046 ng/m^3);21种重金属总平均浓度为1 540.397 ng/m^3,含量最高为铁(671.0 ng/m^3),含量最低为铍(0.035 ng/m^3);PM_(2.5)污染水平及其多环芳烃和重金属成分均存在季节差异(P<0.01),即冬春季高于夏秋季,各监测点之间总体上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]上海市浦东新区PM_(2.5)污染水平较高,PM_(2.5)质量浓度及其多环芳烃和重金属成分均存在明显的季节差异,不同监测点之间未见差异。[ Objective ] To understand the pollution level of PM2.5 and characteristics of its major constituents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. [ Methods ] PM2.5 samples （n=409） of five monitoring sites in Pudong New Area of Shanghai were collected between September 2014 and August 2015. The mass concentrations of PM2.5, 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）, and 21 heavy metals were measured. [ Results ] The daily average mass concentration of PM2.5 was 80.98μg/m3, and 44.3% samples exceeded relevant limits, with a maximum excess multiple of 3.5. The selected 15 PAHs were detected in all PM2.5 samples, and the average mass concentration of ZI5PAHs was （9.694 ± 10.012）ng/m3; specifically, the highest PAH concentration was found for benzo[g, h, 0pyrene （1.836ng/m3）, whereas the lowest was for anthracene （0.046ng/m3）. The average mass concentration of 21 heavy metals was 1540.397 ng/m3, the highest concentration was found for iron （671.0 ng/m3）, and the lowest was for beryllium （0.035 ng/m3）. PM2.5 and its constituents showed significant seasonal variations （P 〈 0.01）, namely winter-spring higher than summer-autumn, but non-siguificant results between different monitoring sites （P 〉 0.05）. [ Conclusion ] A high PM2.5 pollution level is identified in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. PMzs, PAHs, and heavy metals show seasonal variations, but no spatial variation.

关 键 词：PM2.5 质量浓度 多环芳烃 重金属 时空分布 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]