长波长静校正问题的识别与解决方法--以鄂尔多斯黄土塬地震资料为例  

Method of identification and solution about long-wavelength static correction:a case study from the seismic data in Ordos loess plateau

作　　者：杨城增 金东民 梁殿文 王祥春[2] 张儒 

机构地区：[1]中石化华北油气分公司勘探开发研究院,郑州450006 [2]中国地质大学(北京)“地下信息探测技术与仪器”教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]中石化华北石油工程有限公司测井分公司,新乡453700

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2016年第5期2212-2218,共7页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：“十三五”国家重大专项“低丰度致密低渗油气藏开发关键技术”(2016ZX05048001)资助

摘　　要：由于鄂尔多斯黄土塬探区的地貌特点和表层复杂的地震地质条件,地震资料存在很严重的静校正问题;层析反演静校正和剩余静校正基本解决了短波长静校正,但仍有部分长波长静校正未解决,因此,识别和解决残留的长波长静校正问题,恢复地层真实形态是地震资料处理的重点内容之一.本文系统地总结了长波长静校正常用方法的三种思路及其适用限制,在分析长波长静校正成因的基础上,详细给出了五种长波长静校正问题的识别方法:水平叠加剖面法、共炮检距剖面法、分偏移距叠加法、地形相关法、交会图法,并对这些方法的应用效果及其适用条件进行分析研究,最后提出采用测井实钻深度约束的井控静校正方法消除剩余长波长静校正量.应用表明,识别方法可以准确地辨别长波长静校正问题,而且井控静校正能有效解决鄂尔多斯黄土塬长波长静校正问题,效果显著,为长波长静校正研究提供了借鉴和启示.Because of the topography characteristics and the complicated surface seismic geological conditions of the exploration area in Ordos＇ s Loess Plateau, the seismic data have very serious static correction problems. The tomographic inversion static correction and the residual static correction basically solved the short-wavelength static correction, but a part of long-wavelength static correction have not yet been resolved, therefore, the identification and elimination of the long-wavelength static correction which restore the real stratum formation is one of the key contents of seismic data processing. In order to achieve the objectives, the study in this paper systematically summarized the three ways of thinking and applicable limitations of the common methods about long-wavelength static correction. Base on the analysis and research for the causes of the long-wavelength static correction, the paper gives five identification methods for long-wavelength static correction problem, including the horizontal stacking section method, the common shot-geophone distance profile method, the different offset group stack method, the terrain correlation method, the intersection graph method, and has studied the application effect and applicable conditions of these methods. Finally, we put forward the constraint- wells static correction method to eliminate the residual long- wavelength statics with the log real drilling depth. It is shown by application that the long-wavelength static correction problem of Ordos＇ s loess plateau has been distinguished accurately by these identification methods and solved by the constraint-wells method. The study in this paper has a significant effect to the long- wavelength static correction problem, provides reference and inspiration for the long-wavelength static correction work.

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯黄土塬 静校正 长波长静校正 井控静校正 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]