不同间作模式对枣园土壤含水量及棉花生长发育的影响  

Soil Moisture Content and the Influence of Cotton Growth and Development in Jujube Orchard Intercropping

作　　者：江天才[1] 马斌[1] 张亚周[1] 蒲云[1] 胡守林[1] Jiang Tiancai Ma Bin Zhang Yazhou Pu Yun Hu Shoulin(College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 84330)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2015年第4期32-37,共6页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31260309;31560377);新疆生产建设兵团科技援疆专项(2014AB017);新疆生产建设兵团第一师科技局项目(2014YY03);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410757033)

摘　　要：在南疆阿拉尔干旱区枣棉间作条件下,研究不同种植模式对棉田土壤含水量变化及间作作物生长发育的影响。研究表明:(1)枣棉间作条件下,在棉花生长的苗期,蕾期,花铃期和吐絮期四个时期中,距离红枣1 m处种植棉花相对于距离红枣1.5 m种植和距离红枣0.5 m种植有较好的保水能力。在棉花需水高峰期的花铃期,距离红枣1 m处种植棉花与距离红枣1.5 m种植、距离红枣0.5 m种植相比土壤含水量分别提高2.65%,6.54%。(2)相对于其它模式,距离红枣1.5 m和距离红枣1 m棉花长势较好,但距离红枣1.5 m处种植棉花有效株数少,产量低;距离红枣1 m处种植,生长空间适宜,结铃数多,单铃重大,产量较高;距离红枣0.5 m种植长势较差,种植密度较大,生长空间有限,与枣树争夺养分、水分、空间,阻碍棉花生长。(3)不同种植模式下距离红枣1 m处种植棉花产量效益优于距离红枣1.5 m和距离红枣0.5 m。综合考虑,距离红枣1.0 m种植棉花能够提高土地利用率和棉花经济效益。In the southern arid region date Alar cotton intercropping cotton fields of different planting patterns on soil moisture and influence of intercropping crop growth and development. Studies show that： （ 1 ） the date intercropping cotton, cotton grown in the seedling stage, bud stage, the blooming period and boll opening stage of the four periods, dates from the cultivation of cotton at 1 m distance with respect to planting dates 1. 5 m and 0. 5 m from the jujube cultivation has better water retention capacity. Cotton water demand peak blooming period, from the dates at 1 m distance to the cultivation of cotton planting dates 1. 5 m from planting dates 0. 5 m, respectively, compared to the 2.65% increase soil moisture, 6.54%. （2） relative to other modes, from the dates 1. 5 m and 1 m from the dates cotton growing well, but at a distance of dates 1. 5 m effective number of trees planted cotton, low yield; at 1 m from the jujube cultivation, growing space appropriate, boll number more boll major, high yield; 0. 5 m from the planting dates poor growing larger planting density, limited room for growth, and jujube competition for nutrients, water, space, hinder the growth of cotton. （ 3 ） different planting pattern cotton production benefits from the dates better than 1. 5 m and 0. 5 m distance from the jujube dates at 1 m. Taken together, dates 1. 0 m from the cultivation of cotton and cotton can improve land use and economic benefits.

关 键 词：枣棉间作 种植模式 含水量 棉花产量 

分 类 号：S35[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]