博物馆建筑抗震设防水准研究  

Analysis on the Seismic Fortification on Museum Building

作　　者：顾新华 

机构地区：[1]南通市城乡建设局,江苏南通226007

出　　处：《江苏建筑》2016年第5期46-49,共4页Jiangsu Construction

摘　　要：博物馆是征集、典藏、陈列和研究代表自然和人类文化遗产实物的场所,是联系历史、阐明现代、畅想未来的地方。博物馆作为一个城市乃至国家的文化符号,承载了丰富的文化内涵,它既可以满足不同社会群体的相同需求,也可以满足相同社会群体的特殊需求。博物馆的文物收藏、宣传教育和科学研究特性,确定了博物馆是一个需要同时也应该有大量公众参与的地方,如果用建筑业的专业术语来表述,应该是一个"人群密切场所"。近年来,世界各地地震频发,地震不仅对普通民房建筑造成了极大的损害,同时,许多抗震设计能力不足的博物馆建筑也未能幸免。博物馆建筑是民用建筑中的一类特殊的建筑,如何科学确定博物馆建筑的抗震设防要求,提高博物馆建筑抵御地震灾害的能力,就成为事关成败的关键。文章从法律和技术2个层面,就博物馆建筑抗震设防的政策性规定和技术性要求进行了分析和研究,得出博物馆建筑属特殊类型的人群密集场所,其抗震应按当地设防要求提高一度、建筑重要性按乙类、设计使用年限按100年做设防。The museum is a place to collect, reserve, display and research on the natural and human cultural heritages; a place to link history, express modern and imagine the future. Museum as a cultural symbol of a city even a country, carrying a rich cultural connotations, both to meet the same needs of different social groups, but also to meet the special needs of the same social groups. The museum＇s characteristics of heritage collection, propaganda and education, and scientific research, determine the museum is a place should have a lot of public participation. If express in the terminology of architecture industry, it should be a ＂people crowded place.＂ In recent years, frequent earthquakes around the world not only caused great damage to the ordinary civil buildings, but also at the same time to lots of museums lacking the seismic design. The museum building is a special type of civil buildings, how to scientifically determine the museum building＇s seismic requirements, improve the ability to against earthquake disasters, becomes the key to the success or failure.This article from both a legal and a technical aspects, analyzed and researched the museum building＇s seismic fortification policy regulations and technical requirements, concluded that the museum building belongs to a special type of people crowded place, its seismic fortification requirements should be one level higher than local requirement, and should be designed according to major precautionary category, and the building design working life of 100 years.

关 键 词：博物馆建筑 抗震设防 设计使用年限 抗震设防要求 

分 类 号：TU242.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU352.11