广州市农民科学素质特征分析  

Analysis of Guangzhou's Farmers' Scientific Literacy

作　　者：陈少婷[1] 贺丽容[2] 邓红生[2] 梁容欢 黎影兰 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院财务处,广东广州510225 [2]广州市农业技术推广中心,广东广州510520 [3]广州市番禺区农业技术推广管理办公室,广东广州511400 [4]广州市从化区农业技术推广中心,广东广州510920

出　　处：《广州广播电视大学学报》2016年第5期96-101,112,共6页Journal of Guangzhou Open University

基　　金：2014年广州市科普项目"广州市‘三农’科普工作基础研究"(项目编号:K201505-13-1);广州市建设国家级科技思想库研究课题专项"广州市‘三农’科普工作路径与方法"(项目编号:2015SX005)

摘　　要：对广州市番禺区4个镇街和从化区7个镇街共430农户的农民科学素质进行调查分析。结果表明：调查对象年龄结构以35~60岁者最多、占81.9%,35岁以下、60岁以上者各占14.4%和3.7%,反映农民务农思想较稳定;文化程度以初中最多、占51.9%,高中和小学分别占16.3%和15.5%,总体文化程度偏低。农户从事种植业、养殖业分别占91.1%和8.9%;生产规模在10亩以下者占大多数、达66.2%,10~30亩、30~50亩和50亩以上等3类生产规模各占12.7%、9.1%和12.0%,农户生产规模总体偏小。农户家庭年收入万元以上者居多、占57.1%,五千元至一万元者次之、占23.1%,五千元以下者占比最少、仅19.9%,农户家庭年收入总体较好。农民半信半疑和相信风水者共占40.8%,半信半疑和相信迷信者仍占27.9%,反映移风易俗仍然任重而道远。农民了解《中华人民共和国农业法》的人数最多、关注系数高达65.5%;了解《中华人民共和国农产品质量安全法》的人数较多、关注系数达36.9%,反映农民的农产品质量安全意识良好。农民了解转基因技术的人数最多、关注系数高达58.5%,其次为太空育种和数码技术、分别达15.8%和11.9%,反映转基因技术受到普遍关注,太空育种、数码技术在部分农民中也有所认识。The present study polled 430 farmer households from seven towns of Conghua and four of Panyu, in an endeavor to survey their scientific literacy. The result showed that the farmer team was relatively stable and of lower cultural level in general because 81.9% of the farmers were between 35 and 60 years old, 14.4% of those were under 35 years old and 3.7% of those were above 60 years old. Moreover, 51.9% of those graduated from junior middle school, 16.3% of those from senior high school and 15.5% of those were pupil. The proportions of the farmers who were engaged in planting and fishing breeding & poultry raising were 91.1% and 8.9%, respectively. Generally speaking, the production scale of the farmers was less, for 66.2% of the farmers had no more than 10 acres and the proportion of farmers whose production scale of 10 to 30 acres, 30 to 50 acres and over 50 acres were 12.7%, 9.1% and 1.0%, respectively. Overall, the farmers had a better family annual income, 57.1% of them had over ten thousand yuan, 23.1% of them had five to ten thousand yuan, 19.9% of them had less than five thousand yuan. There would be a long way for improving the scientific and cultural quality of farmers for 40.8% of them believed in geomantic omen, and 27.9% of them believed in fetish. However, the farmers had good consciousness of agricultural products quality safety, most of whom knew the Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China, with high attention coefficient of 65.5%; who knew the Law of the People's Republic of China on Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products were less, with attention coefficient of 36.9%. The farmers also had some knowledge of science & technology such as transgenic technology, space breeding technology and digital technology, with the attention coefficient of 58.5%, 15.8% and 11.9%, respectively, transgenic technology generally concerned especially.

关 键 词：农民 科学素质 科普 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]