太湖湖泛易发区沉积物中有机磷形态分布特征  

Characteristics of Organic Phosphorus Fractions in the Sediments of the Black Water Aggregation in Lake Taihu

作　　者：董丹萍[1] 章婷曦[1,2,3] 张丁予[1] 王巧云[1] 李德芳[1] 王国祥[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [2]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 [3]江苏省物质循环与污染控制实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第11期4194-4202,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41303058;41573061);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目;江苏省太湖水污染治理专项(TH2014402)

摘　　要：湖泊沉积物中磷的潜在释放很大程度上取决于有机磷的形态和分布.以太湖西岸湖泛易发区毛渎港（MDG）为研究区域,采用Ivannoff有机磷分级提取方法对沉积物中有机磷进行分析.结果表明,不同采样点沉积物中有机磷形态以胡敏酸结合态OP为主,占有机磷总量的35%.总有机磷含量由岸边往湖心先降低后增加;垂直方向2-6 cm含量最低,4-8 cm含量最高.沉积物中各形态磷含量大小：胡敏酸结合态OP〉残渣态OP〉HCl-OP〉富里酸结合态OP;由岸边向湖心区延伸,Na HCO3-OP占总有机磷的相对含量呈先升高后降低再升高的趋势,蓝藻残体的沉积增加了沉积物中Na HCO3-OP含量.Na HCO3-OP和胡敏酸结合态OP垂直分布大致先降低后升高再降低,Na HCO3-OP在4-6 cm含量最低,胡敏酸结合态OP在4-8 cm含量最高.HCl-OP和富里酸结合态OP垂直分布大致随深度增加含量降低.残渣态OP含量垂直方向无明显变化,均稳定在45μg·g-1左右.活性有机磷与pH、DO、水深呈显著负相关;OM、Na OH-Pi均与总有机磷、活性有机磷、中等活性有机磷及非活性有机磷表现出了显著相关关系.有机磷3种组分均具有生物活性,对湖泊富营养化有着重要作用,蓝藻堆积区活性有机磷的增加可能促进湖泛的发生.Potential release of phosphorus in lake sediments depends largely on the fractions and distribution of organic phosphorus.Mao Du was chosen as the research area in the west of Lake Taihu. The chemical forms of the surface sediments were investigated by the Ivannoff extraction methods. The results showed that the main organic phosphorus form of sediments at different sampling places was humic acid-OP. It accounted for 35% of the total organic phosphorus. Horizontal distribution： Total organic phosphorus content from the shore to the middle of total showed a trend of rising after decline; vertical distribution： Total organic phosphorus content was the lowest in 2-6 cm and the highest in 4-8 cm. Various phosphorus content followed the order of humic acid-OP residual-OP HCl-OP fulvic acid-OP; the relative content of NaHCO_3-OP in the total organic phosphorus content showed a trend of rising followed by reduction and then rising again from the shore to the middle,cyanobacteria residue deposition increased the content of NaHCO_3-OP in sediment. Contents of NaHCO_3-OP and humic acid-OP both first reduced, then increased and finally reduced in the vertical distribution,the content of NaHCO_3-OP was the lowest in 4-6 cm and humic acid-OP was the highest in 4-8 cm. HCl-OP and fulvicOP decreased with increasing depth in the vertical distribution. The content of residual-OP showed stable tendency in the vertical direction and was about 45 μg·g^-1. Labile OP and pH,DO,the depth of water were significantly negatively correlated,OM and Na OH-Pi were significantly correlated with total organic phosphorus,labile OP,moderately labile OP and nonlabile OP. Three components of organic phosphorus had bio-availability and played an important role in lake eutrophication. The increase of the content of labile OP might promote the black water aggregation（ BWA） in cyanobacteria accumulation.

关 键 词：太湖 湖泛 沉积物 有机磷 形态 分布 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]