湿热地区街头绿地微气候效应数值模拟分析  

Analysis of the effect of street greenbelt on microclimate in a hot-humid area of China using a numerical simulation method

作　　者：吴昌广[1,2] 房雅萍[3] 林姚宇[2] 马晓阳[2] 王耀武[2] 王克桓 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院风景园林系,湖北武汉430070 [2]哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院深圳市城市规划与决策仿真重点实验室,广东深圳518005 [3]广州大学土木工程学院,广东广州510000

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2016年第5期99-106,共8页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51308143;31300589);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(52902-0900206278)共同资助

摘　　要：基于城市微气候模拟软件ENVI-met,对深圳市某商业区街头绿地周边的微气候进行了模拟,并利用现场实测数据对模拟结果的准确性进行了校核。结果表明:ENVI-met可合理描述研究区微气候环境的空间分布与日变化特征。在此基础上,利用ENVI-met模拟比较了乔木、草坪和水景3类街头绿地的微气候效应,由空气温湿度对比可见,不同类型街头绿地的降温增湿效果存在明显差异,乔木型绿地降温增湿效果最大,草坪型绿地次之,水景型绿地降温增湿效果最弱,但3类绿地降温增湿效应的日变化和空间分布基本一致;由地面温度对比可见,乔木型和草坪型街头绿地对邻近路面具有增温效应,而水景型街头绿地对周边所有路面均具有降温作用,本文研究结果可为城市街头绿地的气候适应性设计提供参考。The microclimatic conditions surrounding street greenbelt in a business zone of Shenzhen were simulated using an urban microclimate soft-ENVI（ ENvironment for Visualizing Image）-met. The accuracy of simulating results was validated using the field measured data. It shows that the ENVI-met model can accurately describe the characteristics of microclimate spatial distribution and diurnal variation in the study area. The microclimate effects of three landscape types,i. e. tree, lawn,and waterscape,are compared using the ENVI-met model. By comparing air temperature and humidity, it indicates that the cooling and humidification effects are different among these street types. The tree greenbelt is the best,f ollowed by lawn,and waterscape. However, the characteristics of daily variation and spatial distribution of cooling and humidification effects for them are consistent. Compared with land surface temperature, it demonstrates that there is a heating effect in the tree and lawn street greenbelts on the adjacent pavement. In contrast, the waterscape street greenbelt plays a cooling effect on the surface of surrounding pavements.These results provide valuable information for designing climatic adaptability plans on the urban street greenbelt.

关 键 词：街头绿地 微气候 数值模拟 降温增湿 气候适应性 ENVI-met 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P463.3