黄土塬斜坡带三维地震数据采集难点及对策  

3D Seismic Data Acquisition Difficulties and Countermeasures in the Loess Slope Zone

作　　者：梁岳[1] 顾汉明[1] 姜华[2] 宋桂桥[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院,武汉430074 [2]中国石油化工集团公司华北分公司勘探开发研究院,郑州450006 [3]中国石油化工股份有限公司油田勘探开发事业部,北京100728

出　　处：《地质科技情报》2016年第6期269-273,共5页Geological Science and Technology Information

基　　金：国家重大科技专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发"(2011ZY05002-001)

摘　　要：针对黄土塬斜坡带地震采集的技术难点,分析了斜坡效应及其主要影响因素,提出了地震波激发"能量窗"及"波场矢量叠加"的理论,采用"优选点位法"微测井技术,准确建立了地震地质模型,应用谱元法对激发-接收参数进行了系统的数值模拟。在此基础上,开展点-线结合的野外试验,量化分析试验的效果,确定了以超多井、小药量、线性组合、聚能层激发为特点的激发参数,以多检波器、矩形面积、中等基距组合、高叠加次数为特点的接收参数,获得了高分辨率的三维地震资料。Aiming at the technical difficulties with slope seismic acquisition, this paper analyzes the ＂slope effect ＂and its main influencing factors and puts forward the theory of seismic wave excitation ＂ energy transfer window ＂and＂ wave vector superposition ＂. By using the micro logging technology of the ＂optimal point location method＂, the seismic geological model is established accurately. The numerical simulation of the excitation and reception parameters by using the spectral element method is used in the system. On this basis, the field experiment of point and line combination is carried out. The effect of the field test was analyzed quantitatively on the excitation parameters with the characteristic of super multi wells, small explosives quantity, linear array, and excitation in the layer of gathering energy. The seismic receiving parameters are characterized by the multi geophones , rectangular area, medium base distance array and high stack folds. High resolution 3D seismic data are obtained.

关 键 词：斜坡效应 优选 点位法 能量窗 数值模拟 井检组合 

分 类 号：P631.443[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]