玉米秸秆腐解菌剂对种养废弃物堆肥的影响  

Effects of Corn Straw Decomposing Bacteria Agent on Planting and Breeding of Waste Compost

作　　者：滕星[1] 郗登宝[1] 张大辉 王鑫[1] 李启云[1] 潘晓峰[1] 高星爱[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院,长春130033 [2]松原市宁江区绿色食品开发办公室,松原138000

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2016年第5期600-604,612,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省秸秆综合利用技术创新平台项目(0010212);吉林省重点科技攻关项目(20130206053NY);吉林省科技创新工程项目(20121072);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B05)

摘　　要：为探求秸秆腐熟剂与猪粪对秸秆堆肥的腐熟效果，应用实验室研制的秸秆腐解菌剂，开展了种养废弃物堆肥发酵生产有机肥试验。通过检测温度、含水率、pH及有机质含量等堆肥腐熟度指标，结果表明：加菌剂的猪粪堆肥处理组（T4），堆肥温度上升快，且持续时间长，60℃以上温度共持续8d，最高温度达到68℃；堆肥水分蒸发快，比其他处理组含水率下降幅度较大，含水率由65％下降至37％；pH变化范围为7．7—9．2，表现弱碱性；有机质含量变化显示，T4处理堆腐时间较添加猪粪处理（T3）提前4d，比菌剂处理（T2）提前8d完成堆腐，表现出比其他处理明显缩短堆腐时间。为观察秸秆腐解菌剂对秸秆横截面结构变化的影响，利用扫描电子显微镜（扫描电镜）对3种秸秆处理组进行了比较分析。To explore the rotten effects of corn straw rotten agent and pig manure on straw compost, organic fertilizer production experiments were carried out using pig manure and corn straw added straw decomposing bacteria agents developed in our laboratory. Compost degree indexes such as tem- perature, moisture content, pH and organic matter content were detected. The results were as fol- lows： in the treatment group of pig mature added straw decomposing bacteria agents （T4 ） , straw compost temperature rose rapidly, and sustained for considerably long time at a high degree, contin- ued higher than 60 ℃ for 8 d, and the highest temperature was 68 ℃ ; straw compost moisture of T6 evaporated very quickly, and decreased faster than other treatment groups, from 65% to 37%; pH range of T4 was from 7.7 to 9.2, showing weak alkaline; organic matter content change analysis showed that straw compost rotten time was shortened, four days ahead of pig manure treatment group （ T3 ） and eight days ahead of straw decomposing bacteria agents group （ T2 ）. In order to observe the effects of straw decomposing bacteria agent on straw cross section structure changes, three treatment groups of straw were compared by the Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）. The research results can provide reference for fertilizer utilization of plating and breeding waste.

关 键 词：堆肥 玉米秸秆 腐解菌剂 猪粪 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]