开敞大河口滩槽冲淤对台风的响应及其动力泥沙机制探讨——以长江口南汇边滩-南槽-九段沙系统为例  

Morphodynamic response of a large river mouth to typhoons

作　　者：杨世伦[1] 丁平兴[1] 赵庆英[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸动力沉积和动力地貌综合国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《海洋工程》2002年第3期69-75,共7页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (4 0 0 760 2 7);国家杰出青年基金资助项目 (4 982 5 161)

摘　　要：台风期间 ,潮间带和潮下带岸坡总体上遭受侵蚀 ,而向岸一侧的沼泽和向海一侧的深槽则趋于淤积。台风期间的冲淤强度比正常天气的高 1- 2个数量级。台风期间裸滩的侵蚀机制是风将高能传递给水体使水体挟沙能力剧增 ,沼泽迅速淤积的机制与植被的消能捕沙功能、涨潮水体的高含沙量和明显的增水有关 ,而深槽的骤淤则是由于深水区底层相对较弱的动力条件与浅滩侵蚀所致的高含沙量不相适应。受径流和潮流对泥沙扩散作用的影响 。During typhoons, the bare intertidal flat and the subtidal bank are exposed to erosion while the main marsh and the deep channel bed tend to experience accretion. On the average, the thickness of erosion on the medium zone is greater than the thickness of accretion on the marsh but is less than the thickness of accretion on the deep channel bed. The typhoon-induced erosion on the bare flat tends to be recovered within a few days while the disappearance of accretion on the deep channel would need weeks and the rapid deposition on the high marsh could be preserved permanently. The magnitude and spatial pattern of typhoon generated erosion/accretion are influenced by astronomical tidal conditions. The erosion and accretion during typhoons are not balanced due to the influence of river flow and tidal current.

关 键 词：长江口 动力泥沙机制 台风 风暴 岸滩剖面 潮间带 沉积作用 淤积 

分 类 号：U617.6[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]