长江河口洪水造床作用  

Floods rebuilding the riverbed of the Changjiang estuary

作　　者：巩彩兰[1] 恽才兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《海洋工程》2002年第3期94-97,共4页The Ocean Engineering

摘　　要：据多年实测资料统计 ,长江口年径流总量 92 4 0亿m3,年输沙量 4 .86亿t,洪季的径流量和输沙量分别占全年总量的71.7%和 87.2 %。如遇洪水年 ,当洪峰流量超过 6 0 0 0 0m3 s时 ,中、下游河道水位明显抬高而进入防汛警戒状态 ,河床有明显冲淤变化 ;洪峰流量超过 70 0 0 0m3 s时 ,新生汊道及切滩串沟频频出现 ,给河口治理及深水航道开发带来重要的影响。从长江河口河槽演变基本特征及南港。The water discharge of the Changjiang Estuary is plentiful and the sediment movement is active. The annual total runoff is 924,000 million cubic meters; the annual averaged sediment discharge reaches 486 million tons. The runoff and the sediment discharge during the flood seasons amount to 71.7% and 87.2 % of the annual total value based on the statistics of the metrical data. When the flood peak water discharge exceeds 6,000 m 3/s at the Datong Station, the water level of the middle and lower reaches of the river arrives at the flood preparation cautionary state and the riverbed changes obviously due to erosion and accumulation; when the flood discharge exceeds 7,000 m 3/s, the new branch of a river and cluster ditches cutting the beach occur frequently, which affects the estuary and the navigation channel development. The studies on the characteristics of the evolution of the river trough and the bedload transport of the South Channel and North Passage show that the floods rebuild the riverbed of the Changjiang Estuary.

关 键 词：长江河口 洪水 造床作用 冲淤变化 径流量 输沙量 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]