高地隙自走式玉米去雄机驱动系统设计与特性分析  

Design and performance analysis of drive system for high clearance self-propelled corn detasseling machine

作　　者：陈随英 杜岳峰[1] 谢斌[1] 宋正河[1] 毛恩荣[1] 陈雨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院现代农业装备优化设计北京市重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2016年第22期10-17,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20130008110042)

摘　　要：针对中国高地隙自走式玉米去雄机研究起步晚、技术基础薄弱等问题,该文提出了一种静液压驱动系统方案并对驱动系统特性进行了仿真分析和试验研究。根据去雄机的结构特点,建立了包含四轮独立悬架系统及驱动系统的高地隙自走式玉米去雄机整机数学模型。利用Matlab/Simulink建立了仿真模型并进行了仿真分析,利用去雄机样机进行了实车试验研究,得到去雄机在I挡、II挡和III挡时能达到的最高车速分别约为15、19和24 km/h,稳态压力分别为6.361、7.286和8.717 MPa左右,可分别满足不同的作业工况需求,驱动系统动态响应快,性能良好。通过对比分析有无悬架去雄机驱动系统压力对地面激励的响应,得出有悬架去雄机压力波动小、变化平稳,悬架有效地缓解了地面冲击、改善了驱动系统性能。研究结果表明该文所建整机模型是正确的。该文可为中国高地隙自走式玉米去雄机的研发提供参考。A hydrostatic drive system scheme for the high clearance self-propelled corn detasseling machine was proposed and the dynamic performance of the system was simulated and tested in this paper. Although detasseling machines have much higher working efficiency than manual detasseling, they have just been used for a few years in China and mostly were imported from abroad at a high price. Since the machine demanded a high ground clearance, the closed volumetric speed control loop with one pump and four motors was adopted. The engine directly drives the pump to output high pressure fluid to the four-wheel motors, and then the motors drive the hub reducers to turn the wheels. It can be concluded that the vehicle can achieve 3 gears of I, II and III by choosing the appropriate maximum and minimum displacements of motors and reducer gear ratios. To better analyze the performance of the drive system, a detasseling machine model with 15 degrees of freedom was built according to the vehicle structure features. The vehicle model included vehicle body model, wheel model and four-wheel independent suspension system model. Meanwhile, the mathematical model of the hydrostatic drive system was derived, which included pump model, motor model and reducer model. Then, the simulation model of vehicle dynamics of detasseling machine was presented using the software Matlab/Simulink based on the mathematical models. The simulation model was used to study the performance of speed and system pressure of the vehicle at 3 gears. And the results showed that the vehicle could get a maximum travel speed of 15.8, 19.7 and 26.1 km/h, and a steady system pressure of about 6.29, 7.30 and 8.94 MPa at the 3 gears of I, II and III, respectively, which could meet various application conditions. As a special component of detasseling machine, the effect of the suspension system on the drive system was testified. By exerting a road excitation on one wheel, the system pressure of the vehicle with the suspension was contrasted with the one without suspensio

关 键 词：农业机械 计算机仿真 模型 去雄机 驱动系统 动力学模型 试验 

分 类 号：S224.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程] TH137.9[农业科学—农业工程]