前寒武纪沉积盆地发育特征与深层烃源岩分布——以塔里木新元古代盆地与下寒武统烃源岩为例  

The characteristics of Precambrian sedimentary basin and the distribution of deep source rock: A case study of Tarim Basin in Neoproterozoic and source rocks in Early Cambrian, Western China

作　　者：吴林[1] 管树巍[1] 任荣[1] 王晓波[1] 杨海军[2] 靳久强[1] 朱光有[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院 [2]中国石油塔里木油田公司勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2016年第6期905-915,共11页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司"油气勘探新领域;新理论;新方法与新技术研究"(2014A-02)

摘　　要：基于全盆地野外露头、钻井、地震资料,系统分析塔里木新元古代盆地地层序列、分布及其构造演化特征。受Rodinia超大陆聚合与裂解事件的控制,塔里木新元古代发育南北分异的伸展性沉积盆地,充填火山岩、碎屑岩、冰碛岩、碳酸盐岩等岩石类型,中间被古陆分隔。北部盆地呈东西向条带状展布,西北部阿克苏地区和东北部满加尔—库鲁克塔格地区为沉积中心,最大沉积厚度约2 500-3 500 m。南部两个盆地呈北东向展布,叶城、和田地区为沉积中心,最大沉积厚度约1 500-2 000 m。新元古代盆地演化分为南华纪、震旦纪两期,分别对应裂陷阶段和坳陷阶段,后者范围大而厚度小,两期沉积结构存在一定差异。下寒武统烃源岩分布受新元古代盆地发育特征控制,继承南北分异的格局,具有良好生烃潜力。Based on outcrops of the whole basin, drilling and seismic data, this paper makes a systematic analysis of Neoproterozoic basin stratigraphic distribution and tectonic evolution characteristics in Tarim. Under the control of the aggregation and breakup of Rodinia supercontinent, the extensional sedimentary basin formed with North-South differences in the Neoproterozoic, separated by the middle ancient land. There is a sedimentary basin in the north, east-west banded, with two thickness centers, Aksu region in northwest and Manjiaer-Kuruketage region in northeast and maximum thickness about 2 500～3 500 m. There are two sedimentary basins in the south, north-east banded, with two thickness centers, Yecheng and Hetian with maximum thickness about 1 500～2 000 m. The evolution of the basin can be divided into two stages, rift in Nanhuan and depression in Sinian, the latter stage deposits larger range but with thinner thickness of strata. Its main rock types contain volcanic rock, clastic rock, moraine rock and carbonate rock. The distribution of source rock during Early Cambrian period is mainly controlled by the development characteristics of the Neoproterozoic sedimentary basin.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 新元古代 南华系 震旦系 下寒武统 烃源岩 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]