深圳市小学生龋病流行特征分析  

An epidemiological research of dental caries among elementary school students in Shenzhen city

作　　者：张紫阳[1] 李菊红[1] 张莉[1] 武剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市慢性病防治中心,518000

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第11期1673-1675,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解2015年深圳在校小学生龋病流行特征,为制定小学生口腔健康策略和开展口腔健康促进提供依据。方法对深圳市公立小学169 918名在校学生进行口腔健康普查。通过深圳市学生口腔防治管理系统收集数据。结果 2015年深圳市小学生乳牙患龋率为49.5%,填充率为13.6%,龋均为（1.81±2.52）,缺失率为4.6%;恒牙患龋率为16.4%,填充率为20.4%,龋均为（0.33±0.88）,恒牙缺失率为0.2%,显著龋病指数（Si C）为（0.98±1.27）。随着年龄增长乳牙患龋率及龋均呈下降趋势,恒牙患龋率及龋均呈上升趋势。12岁儿童恒牙患龋率为26.5%,龋均为（0.57±1.15）,缺失率为0.4%,Si C为（1.72±1.42）。女生恒牙患龋率（18.5%）高于男生（14.8%）（χ~2=431.38,P〈0.01）;女生恒牙龋均（0.38±0.94）也高于男生（0.29±0.82）（t=-20.84,P〈0.01）。原关外小学生的乳、恒牙患龋率（55.0%,18.3%）均高于原关内（46.0%,15.2%）（χ~2值分别为1 289.04,294.90,P值均〈0.05）,龋均（2.14±2.66,0.39±0.98）也高于原关内（1.61±2.40,0.29±0.80）（t值分别为-41.04,-23.26,P值均〈0.01）。结论深圳小学生龋病流行处于较低水平,原关外新区情况尤为严重。需要重点加强口腔健康教育及干预措施。Objective This study aimed to understand the dental caries status of elementary school students in Shenzhen City and to provide a basis for making policies of oral health and carrying out oral health intervention. Methods 169 918 pupils aged 6-12 from elementary school were inspected oral health according to oral technical operation specification. The data were collected by the system of oral prevention management among students. Results The prevalence rate of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth-caries among elementary school students is 49.5% and 16.4% respectively in Shenzhen City in 2015.Their filling rate is 13.6%and 20.4% respectively. Theirs dmft index is（ 1.81± 2.52） and（ 0. 33 ± 0. 88） respectively. Theirs tooth missing rate is 4. 6% and0. 2% respectively. And the significant caries index is（ 0.98±1.27）. The prevalence rate of deciduous teeth and dmft index is declining age aging, while permanent teeth are increasing. In 12-year-old group, the prevalence rate of permanent teeth caries is 26. 5%.The DMFT index is（ 0.57±1.15）. The missing rate is 0.4%, and the significant caries index is（ 1.72±1.42）. The prevalence rate of girls＇ permanent teeth caries（ 18.5%） is higher than that of boys＇（ 14. 8%）（ χ~2= 431. 38,P 〈0. 01）. and the prevalence rate of girls＇ DMFT（ 0.38±0.94） is higher than that of boys＇（ 0.29 ± 0. 82）（ t =- 20. 84,P〈 0. 01）. The prevalence rates of deciduous teeth and permanent teeth caries among pupils in rural area（ 55. 0%, 18. 3%） are higher than those of pupils in urban area（ 46. 0%,15. 2%）（ χ~2= 1 289.04,294.90,P〈0.05）. Their dmft index（ 2.14±2.66,0.39±0.98） is higher than that in urban area（ 1.61±2.40,0.29±0.80）（ t =-41.04,-23.26, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The dental caries status of elementary school students in Shenzhen City is not bad across the country is acceptable. The dental caries status in rural area is particularly severe. Therefore, we need enhance oral health education and intervention.

关 键 词：龋齿 流行病学研究 学生 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R788.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]