职业性低浓度铅接触对作业工人血压的影响  

Effect of occupational lead exposure on the blood pressure of lead-exposed workers

作　　者：张利[1] 赵春香[2] 冀荷香[2] 何洁[2] 苌翠芬 郝海燕[2] 李建国[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北医科大学公共卫生学院在读研究生,石家庄050017 [2]河北省疾病预防控制中心 [3]河北省老年病医院

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2016年第11期825-827,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：河北省科技支撑计划、河北省重点职业病防治技术研究（13277709D）

摘　　要：目的探讨职业性铅接触对作业工人血压的影响，为接触人群健康保护提供依据。方法以某蓄电池厂铅作业工人员为接触组，共452人，以同厂后勤和管理人员160人为对照组，检测血铅浓度和血压数据，分析血铅浓度和血压关系。结果接铅组工人血铅浓度为（249．84±137．74）μg／L，明显高于对照组[（117．25±70．15）μg／L]，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。接铅组和对照组血压异常率和舒张压异常率的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；400-726μg／L血铅组血压异常率、收缩压异常率和舒张压异常率均高于6-199μg／L、200～399μg/L血铅组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。多重线性回归分析显示，影响收缩压水平的因素分别为性别、年龄、工龄和血铅浓度，影响舒张压水平的因素分别为性别、年龄、吸烟和血铅浓度。结论长期职业性铅接触可导致血压水平升高。Objective To investigate the effect of occupational lead exposure on blood pressure and provide supportive evidence of health protection on lead-exposed workers. Methods 612 workers （452 lead- exposed workers, 160 workers as control） were recruited in the battery factory. The blood lead concentration and blood pressure were detected by occupational health examination and biological monitoring. The relationship of blood lead concentration and blood pressure wasanalyzed. Results The blood lead concentration in the exposed group（249.84±137.74） μg/L was higher than that of the control group （117.25±70.15） μg/L, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The difference of abnormal blood pressure and diastolic pressure among the exposed and the control group was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The abnormal blood pressure rate, systolic pressure rate and diastolic pressure rate in the 400-726 μg/L group was higher than that of the 6-199 μg/L and 200-399 μg/L group, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of the systolic pressure followed by sex, age, length of service and blood lead concentration, diastolic pressure followed by sex, age, smoke and blood lead concentration. Conclusion These findings suggest that long-term occupational lead exposure may result in the increase of blood lead concentration.

关 键 词：铅 职业暴露 血压 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]