奥巴马时代美国与沙特关系缘何渐行渐远?  

Why Did U. S.-Saudi Relations in the Obama Era Go Further and Further Away?

作　　者：马晓霖[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学阿拉伯学院 [2]博联社

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2016年第6期3-20,共18页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：美国的奥巴马时代行将结束。奥巴马任内在中东实施的战略收缩政策不仅引发中东地区秩序裂变与重组,而且与传统战略盟友沙特的关系渐行渐远,呈现阶段性沉降特征。其原因主要在于:美国在中东变局、伊朗核危机、叙利亚危机、新能源革命和"九·一一法案"等一系列涉及地缘政治问题的做法,引发沙特的微词与不满;沙特谋求地区大国地位与主导权同调整地区政策的美国产生利益错位,进而形成沙特战略地位下降和孤立状态凸显;美国与沙特双边互动中的经济问题、军事合作、文化价值观等长期结构性因素,也对美沙关系走低产生影响。基于沙特与美国的战略利益关系,后奥巴马时代美沙战略盟友关系虽然不至出现颠覆性逆转,但重温过去70年牢固而稳定的漫长蜜月的预期将大打折扣。The Obama era in America is coming to an end soon. During his administration, the United States has been operating a contracted strategy in the Middle East. The strategy has resulted in political turmoil and social reorganization in the area, and a gradually alienated and periodically icy relationship with America＇ s traditional ally - Saudi Arabia. The main reasons are ： first, Washington has repeatedly upset Riyadh in a series of geopolitical crisis, including the Middle East upheaval, Iran＇ s nuclear crisis, Syrian civil war, new energy revolution and the 9/11 bill. Second, the United States has been adjusting its Middle Eastern strategy, and Saudi Arabia＇s pursuit of regional dominance has conflicted with America＇s interest, which led to Saudi＇s declining strategic prominence and increasing isolation in the region. Additionally, long - term constructional issues, like economy activities, military cooperation and ideologies, have also contributed to the two countries＇ spiraling- down relationship. Given the strategic interests shared by Saudi Arabia and the U.S., even though their relationship won ＂t subversively deteriorate in post - Obama era, the expectation of restoring it to the solitary and stable honeymoon period in the past 70 years won＇ t be fully fulfilled.

关 键 词：美沙关系 美国外交 “奥巴马主义” 伊朗 反恐 能源 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学]