基于CENTURY模型的内蒙古草地载畜量时空动态模拟  

Spatial and temporal dynamic simulation of grazing capacity in Inner Mongolia Grassland based on CENTURY model

作　　者：张存厚[1,2] 赵杏花[2] 杨丽萍 朝鲁门 韩芳 姜新华[3] 王明玖[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古气象局生态与农业气象中心,呼和浩特010051 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [3]内蒙古农业大学计算机与信息工程学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2016年第11期197-202,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：(中-英-瑞)中国适应气候变化项目(ACCC/20100620-02);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2014MS0623);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201522);内蒙古气象局科技创新项目(nmqxkjcx201504)资助

摘　　要：通过收集大量的内蒙古草原区牧业气象站和气象生态观测站气候、土壤和植被资料,利用CENTURY模型对内蒙古草原1961-2010年间载畜量时空动态进行了模拟,并与主要气象因子进行了相关性分析。研究结果表明:内蒙古不同草地类型的平均适宜载畜量为0.74~1.60羊单位/hm^2·a。过去50a来,内蒙古草地载畜量总体上略有增加,但增加趋势不显著。其中,中温型草甸草原载畜量增加,中温型典型草原载畜量减小,中温型荒漠草原、暖温型典型草原、毛乌素沙地、浑善达克沙地和科尔沁沙地变化趋势不明显。内蒙古草原载畜量空间差异较大,高值区主要分布在大兴安岭东部森林草原过渡区,载畜量在1.70~2.00羊单位/hm^2·a之间;低值区主要分布在中西部北部牧区,载畜量低于0.80羊单位/hm^2·a。相关分析表明,降水仍然是影响载畜量的最直接的气象因子。A large amount of climatic,soil and vegetation data were collected from animal husbandry meteorological station and ecological meteorological observatory. Based on those information,temporal and spatial variations of grazing capacity in Inner Mongolia grassland during the 1961-2010 were simulated by CENTURY model,and correlations of grazing capacity and key meteorological factors were analyzed. Research results showed that proper grazing capacity was 0. 74-1. 60 sheep unit / hm2 oa for different grassland types in Inner Mongolia.In the past 50 years Inner Mongolia grassland grazing capacity,on the whole,slightly increased,but increasing trend was not significant. Thereinto,grazing capacity increased in mediate temperature meadow steppe,decreased in mediate temperature typical steppe,variation tendency was not obvious in other grassland types. Spatial difference of grazing capacity was obvious in Inner Mongolia grassland,high-value area was mainly distributed in forest steppe transition zone in the eastern of Daxinganling,and the grazing capacity was 1. 7 - 2. 0unit /hm2·a. Low-value area was mainly distributed in the mid-west north pastoral areas,the grazing capacity was below 0. 8unit / hm2·a. Correlation analysis showed that the precipitation still was the most direct meteorological factor impacting on grazing capacity.

关 键 词：载畜量 气候变化 CENTURY模型 时空动态 内蒙古草原 相关分析 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学] S812[生物学—普通生物学]