人工气道气囊的临床应用及研究进展  

Clinical application and research advance in artificial airway cuff

作　　者：汪明灯[1] 王元元[1] 黄建安[2] 钮金英[1] 李胜军[1] 沈继龙[1] 姜东辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技城医院南京医科大学附属苏州医院重症医学科,江苏苏州215153 [2]苏州大学附属第一医院呼吸内科,江苏苏州215006 [3]无锡市第二人民医院,江苏无锡214002

出　　处：《中华危重病急救医学》2016年第11期1053-1056,共4页Chinese Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：国家实用新型专利（ZL201220191762.0）;江苏省无锡市医院管理中心科研项目（YGZXZ1502）

摘　　要：人工气道气囊可以起到固定、维持封闭压、防漏气、防渗漏等作用，但同时也容易导致误吸、呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）、气管黏膜缺血坏死，甚至气道狭窄、穿孔等并发症。近年来，对人工气道气囊的研究取得了突飞猛进的发展，但在临床应用中仍然存在诸多问题，如气囊压力受体位改变、呼气末正压（PEEP）等影响而处于动态变化中，大大增加了研究难度，即使最新研究的锥形超薄聚氨酯气囊也不能减少气道渗漏、误吸、VAP等并发症的发生。现总结近年来国内外关于人工气道气囊的最新研究成果，为气囊的临床应用提供新的思路。The artificial airway cuff can play a role of immobilization, keeping the occlusion pressure, preventing gas leak, anti-leakage, and so on, but also is easy to cause a variety of complications, including aspiration, ventilator-associated pneumonia （VAP）, mucosa ischemia and necrosis, stenosis and perforation of the airway, etc. In recent years, the research of artificial airway cuff has obtained a rapid development, but there are still many problems in the clinical application. The cuff pressure is affected by body position change, positive end-expiratory pressure （PEEP）, and so on, which is in dynamic fluctuation and greatly increases the difficulty of the study. Even if the latest conical ultra-thin polyurethane cuff also cannot reduce leakage, aspiration, VAP, and other related complications. The latest research results about the artificial airway cuff at home and abroad in recent years were summarized to provide the new ideas for the clinical application of the cuff.

关 键 词：人工气道气囊 气囊压力 呼吸机相关性肺炎 误吸 

分 类 号：R459.7[医药卫生—急诊医学]