固定翼无人机航磁探测系统的磁补偿模型分析  

Analysis on magnetic compensation model of fixed-wing UAV aeromagnetic detection system

作　　者：王婕[1] 郭子祺[1] 刘建英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《航空学报》2016年第11期3435-3443,共9页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家深部探测技术与实验研究专项SinoProbe-09-03(201011080);国家重大科研装备研制项目"深部资源探测核心装备研发"(ZDYZ2012-1-0203)~~

摘　　要：近年来,无人机的应用日益广泛,逐渐用于航空物探。在使用固定翼无人机搭载磁力仪进行航磁测量时,必然引入飞行平台干扰,包括与机动无关的干扰和与机动有关的干扰。去除和飞机机动有关的磁干扰,即为磁补偿工作。航磁补偿的经典TOLLES-LAWSON模型将磁干扰分为剩余磁场、感应磁场和涡流磁场。对于固定翼无人机,涡流磁场可以不考虑,将剩余磁场和感应磁场合称为稳态干扰场。主要对飞机干扰的来源和性质进行分析,并在地面设计实验验证铁磁性材料的性质,以加深对磁补偿模型的假设和推导过程的理解。最后,在地面实验平台上测量了飞机磁干扰场的平面分布图,指导航空磁力仪的安装。在将TOLLES-LAWSON模型应用于固定翼无人机航磁探测系统的磁补偿工作时,无人机与有人机相比,在结构和材料方面都有较大差异,因此对模型的物理意义和假设条件的深入理解至关重要,此即本文所述工作成果的出发点。In recent years, application of UAVs has been increasingly widespread, and UAVs are gradually used in aerogeo- physical detection. It is inevitable to introduce magnetic interference of the airplane while detecting the geomagnetic signal on a fixed-wing UAV mounted magnetometer. Some interference is related to aircraft maneuver, while some is irrelevant. Magnetic compensation is to remove the aircraft magnetic interference related to aircraft maneuver. In the classic model, TOLLES-LAWSON＇s equation, the interference related to maneuver includes residual field, induced field and eddy-current field. For fixed-wing UAVs, the eddy-current field could be ignored, and the other two parts, residual field and induced field, could be referred to as the steady-state interference field. This paper analyzes the source and characteristics of aircraft mag-netic interference. There are some additional proofs by ground experiments to verify the nature of ferromagnetic material. Furthermore, it would guide the aeromagnetometer installation through measuring the distribution of aircraft magnetic interference. Considering that there are obvious differences in the structure and materials between UAVs and manned aircrafts, when the classic model is applied to magnetic compensation of a fixed-wing UAV aeromagnetic detection system, it＇s neces- sary to have an in-depth understanding of the physical meaning and precondition about the model, and this is the starting point for the work in the article.

关 键 词：磁补偿 固定翼无人机 航磁探测系统 飞机磁干扰 剩余磁场 感应磁场 

分 类 号：V248.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] P631.222[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]