邳州市18岁以上常住居民高血压患病率与危险因素分析  

The morbidity and risk factors of hypertension in permanent residents(≥18 years old) of 2014 in Pizhou city

作　　者：张明 李婷[2] 刘杰 娄培安[2] 刘林 温之花 张盼[2] 乔程[2] 

机构地区：[1]邳州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏省邳州221300 [2]徐州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2016年第11期812-816,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：2008年度徐州市科技计划项目(XM08C041);2009年度徐州市科技计划项目(XZZD0914)

摘　　要：目的了解邳州市18岁以上常住居民高血压的患病情况和相关危险因素,探究高血压防治策略。方法于2014年9-11月采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,按地理位置,随机抽取5个乡镇(官湖镇、八义集镇、邹庄镇、燕子埠镇和新河镇),被抽中家庭中18岁以上常住人口(本地居住5年以上)口齿表达清晰、无精神疾患和其他影响血压疾病者方可作为调查对象。共计12 735名,其中男性6 164名,女性6 571名,平均年龄(48.4±17.6)岁。用徐州市疾病预防控制中心自行设计的问卷对调查对象进行问卷调查,调查内容包括一般情况、主要慢性病史、家族史和危险因素等,并进行身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压和空腹血糖测量。应用SPSS 18.0软件对数据进行统计分析,不同组高血压患病率的比较用χ2检验,用logistic回归方法进行高血压患病的危险因素分析。结果邳州市18岁以上常住居民高血压患病率为22.58%,标化患病率为16.15%;不同年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况和家庭人均年收入组的高血压患病率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为1 659.430、966.913、195.126、605.293和244.220,P<0.01),随着年龄增加,高血压患病率呈升高趋势,随着文化程度的提高,高血压患病率呈降低趋势。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄、糖尿病史、体质指数(BMI)、父辈高血压史、生活紧张程度、食用蛋类频率、食用牛羊肉频率、腰围、婚姻状况、食用猪肉频率、饮酒、职业、人均每天用盐量、食用奶或奶制品频率均与高血压患病具有相关性(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论邳州市成人高血压患病率较高,高血压危险因素较多,应加大防治力度,经常饮用奶或奶制品,维持正常腰围水平,减少食盐摄入量等是降低和控制高血压罹患风险的有效措施。Objective To understand the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in permanent residents （ ≥ 18 years old） of Pizhou. Methods Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to select 12 735 residents （ ≥18 years old, living for 5 years at least） from 5 towns during September -November of 2014 as the subjects with average （48.4±17.6） years old, including 6164 males and 6 571 females. The investigation was performed with the self-designed questionnaire （general information, chronic disease history and risk factors） and physical examination （height, weight, waistline, hipline, BMI, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose）. SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze all data, x^2 test was utilized to analyze the difference of hypertension morbidity between different groups, Logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the risk factors of hypertension. Results The morbidity of hypertension in residents （ ≥ 18 years old） of Pizhou was 22.58%, the standardized morbidity of hypertension was 16.15%. There were the significant differences of hypertension morbidity between different groups with different age, education levels, professional, marital status and the per capital family income （P〈0.01）. The hypertension morbidity increased with age and decreased with educational level. Logistic regression revealed that age, diabetes history, BMI, parents with hypertension, living tension, the frequency of eating eggs, the frequency of eating red meat, waistline, marital status, the frequency of eating pork, drinking alcohol, occupation, the intake of salt per day and the frequency of consuming milk or milk products were correlated to hypertension （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The hypertension morbidity in permanent adult residents （ ≥ 18 years old ） in Pizhou was higher and the risk factors of hypertension were more. The prevention and treatment measures of hypertension should be improved, such as eating often milk or milk products, keeping normal waist line and re

关 键 词：高血压 患病率 危险因素 流行病学 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]