生理成熟期高温高湿胁迫对春大豆种子生理特性及种子劣变相关基因GmSbh1表达的影响  

Effects of high temperature and humidity stress on the physiological characters of spring soybean seeds and the expression of seed deterioration-related gene GmSbh1 at the physiological maturity stage

作　　者：舒英杰[1,2] 周玉丽[1] 陶源[2] 胡能兵[1] 黄守程[1] 何庆元[1] 时侠清[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第12期3286-3292,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(1608085MC69);安徽省高校优秀青年人才支持计划重点项目(gxyq ZD2016216);国家自然科学基金项目(31101212)和安徽科技学院稳定人才项目;安徽省教育厅自然科学研究重点项目(KJ 2016A172)资助

摘　　要：以种子田间劣变抗性品种"湘豆3号"和不抗品种"宁镇1号"春大豆为试材,研究了生理成熟期高温高湿胁迫[T:40±2℃/30±2℃、RH 95±5%/70±5%、10 h/14 h(昼/夜),CK:30±2℃/20±2℃、RH 75±5%/70±5%、10 h/14 h(昼/夜)]1、5、10、16、24、48、96和168h对种子萌发、膜脂过氧化、渗透调节物质(脯氨酸和可溶性糖)含量、细胞膜保护酶系(SOD、POD、CAT)活性以及种子劣变相关基因Gm Sbh1表达的影响。结果表明:高温高湿胁迫后,发芽势和发芽率呈下降趋势,短时间胁迫(<10 h)下降不明显,胁迫24 h后下降显著,各胁迫时间点,不抗品种下降的幅度大于抗性品种;种子细胞膜透性增加,发生膜脂过氧化作用,胁迫5 h后膜脂过氧化作用加剧;相同胁迫时间下,"湘豆3号"的膜脂过氧化程度显著小于"宁镇1号";种子中的脯氨酸(Pro)和可溶性糖含量明显增加,处理显著高于对照;各胁迫时间点,与对照相比,"湘豆3号"的Pro含量上升的幅度显著高于"宁镇1号",可溶性糖含量上升的幅度两品种间差异不明显;随胁迫时间的延长,处理组细胞膜保护酶系活性先升高后降低,对照组酶活性变化不大,各胁迫时间点处理显著高于对照;与对照相比,胁迫后"湘豆3号"种子的酶活性升高幅度大于"宁镇1号",且"湘豆3号"在胁迫后维持高水平酶活性的时间长于"宁镇1号";"宁镇1号"种子劣变相关基因Gm Sbh1呈上调表达趋势,"湘豆3号"呈下调表达趋势。由此认为,春大豆种子田间劣变抗性的生理与分子机制可能与细胞膜透性增加、膜脂过氧化作用加剧、渗透调节物质含量增加、抗氧化酶活性降低及种子田间劣变抗性相关基因Gm Sbh1的差异表达有关。Pre-harvest seed deterioration-resistant soybean cultivar Xiangdou No. 3 and deteriora- tion-sensitive cuhivar Ningzhen No. 1 were used as experimental materials and the influences of high temperature and humidity （HTH） stress [ treatment group, （ 40± 2 ） ℃ / （ 30± 2 ） ℃, RH （95±5）%/（70±5）%, 10 h/14 h （day/night） ; control group, 30±2 ℃/20±2 ℃, RH 75±5%/70±5%, 10h/14 h （day/night）] on seed germination, membrane lipid peroxidation, os- motic adjustment, protective enzyme activities and the expression of seed deterioration-related gene GmSbh 1 in spring soybean seeds were studied at the physiological maturity stage for 1, 5, 10, 16, 24, 48, 96 and 168 h. HTH stress was found to cause decline of germination potential and germination percentage, especially after 24 hours stress, with the seed deterioration-resistantcultivar having a lower degree of the decline than the deterioration-sensitive one. HTH stress also led to the increase of membrane permeability and membrane lipid peroxidation, and showed more intensified peroxidation after more than 5 hours stress. The increased level of membrane lipid per- oxidation in Xiangdou No. 3 was lower than that in Ningzhen No. 1 under the same stress treat- ment. The contents of proline and soluble sugar of the seeds significantly increased under HTH stress in both cultivars. In addition, the extent of proline content increase in Xiangdou No. 3 was significantly greater than that in Ningzhen No. 1, but the two cultivars showed no obvious differ- ence in the increment of soluble sugar contents. The activities of protective enzymes including su- peroxide dismutase, peroxides and catalase increased initially then decreased in the treatment group with extended treatment time, but a slight change was observed in the control group, with the treatments presenting higher activities of the protective enzymes than the control. The amount increase of protective enzymes activities in Xiangdou No. 3 was greater than that in Ningzhen No. 1 under HT

关 键 词：高温高湿 春大豆 种子田间劣变抗性 GmSbh1基因差异表达 生理与分子机制 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]