基于粒度反推法和MCR模型的海南省东方市景观格局优化  

Landscape pattern optimization based on the granularity inverse method and MCR model in Dongfang City,Hainan Province

作　　者：唐丽[1] 罗亦殷 罗改改 李军[1] 刘沁楚 李金钊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学,长沙410000 [2]广东如春园林工程有限公司,广州510665 [3]华南理工大学,广州510641

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第12期3393-3403,共11页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广项目(2014-XT010);经济林培育与利用湖南省高校"2011"协同创新中心(2014B-06)资助

摘　　要：景观格局优化是生态系统健康和生态安全的重要保障措施。以海南省东方市为研究区,采用粒度反推法和MCR模型,从增强生态系统整体连通性的角度,对东方市景观格局进行了优化,并提出了具体的优化措施。结果表明:1800 m粒度景观组分为东方市的最优景观组分结构,东方市有生态源地12个,需新增生态景观斑块32块;生态源地的分布趋势为西北部数量多但规模小、东南部数量少但规模大,主要受人为干扰的影响;结合景观类型、生态阻力相互影响和坡度构建了生态阻力面,以更好地表达生态阻力的实际情况;显、隐性生态阻力面存在明显差异,反映出生态薄弱区域;东方市有生态廊道23条、生态节点30个,根据景观基面和功能对廊道和节点进行了分类,并提出相应的建设措施;从生态安全的角度对生态廊道进行了风险评估、对生态节点进行了热点分析,确定了生态建设的重点和顺序;景观格局优化将显著提高东方市生态系统的整体连通性,优化结果可为东方市生态环境建设提供科学依据。Landscape pattern optimization is an important safeguard measure to realize sound de- velopment of ecosystem health and ecological security. Using granularity inverse method with min- imal cumulative resistance model from an angle of enhancing the overall connectivity of ecosys- tem, a study was carried out to optimize the landscape pattern in Dongfang City, Hainan Pro- vince. Then, specific optimization measures were put forward, so as to provide scientific refer- ence for the construction of the ecological environment in the area. The results showed that 1800 m granularity landscape component is regarded as the optimal structure for Dongfang City. There are 12 ecological sources aggregately, and 32 new ecological landscape patches are needed to in- crease. Besides, the distribution trend of ecological sources is characterized by a large quantity but small scale in the northwest and small quantity but large scale in the southeast, which is mainly influenced by human disturbance. Ecological resistance surface is constructed by consider- ing the landscape type, ecological resistance and slope gradient synthetically to better express the actual situation of ecological resistance. However, there are obvious differences between dominant ecological resistance and recessive ecological resistance, reflecting the weak ecological area to a certain extent. The district has 23 ecological corridors and 30 ecological nodes. According to the landscape base and functions, this paper classified the corridors and nodes and put forward the corresponding construction measures. This study carries out risk assessment of ecological corridorsand hot spot analysis of ecological nods in an ecological security perspective fi〉r the first time, which determines the key and order of ecological construction. Landscape pattern optimization will enhance the overall connectivity of ecosystem in Dongfang City remarkably, and the optimization results could provide scientific basis for ecological enviranment construction.

关 键 词：整体连通性 生态源地 生态廊道 生态节点 风险评估 热点分析 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学] TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]