灌漠土污泥施用阈值的试验  

Determination of sludge application threshold on irrigated desert soil

作　　者：袁金华[1,2] 安康[1,3] 俄胜哲[1,2] 黄涛[1,2] 车宗贤[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,兰州730070 [2]农业部甘肃耕地保育与农业环境科学观测实验站,兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《环境化学》2016年第11期2426-2434,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(1204FKCA157);甘肃省农业科学院院地(所场)科技合作项目(2015GAAS14)资助~~

摘　　要：为了确定城市污泥在灌漠土上的合理施用量,设置了11个不同污泥施入量的处理,泥土混合比例分别为:0%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%、90%和100%.通过盆栽试验的方法研究了污泥施用量对灌漠土肥力、春小麦生长的影响以及污泥施用带来的重金属污染情况.结果表明,合理的污泥施用量可以增加土壤的养分含量和春小麦的产量,可以提高土壤有效态微量元素Mn、Fe、Cu和Zn的含量,土壤和籽粒中有毒重金属元素Pb、Cr、Cu和Zn的含量均没有超过相应的标准规定.过高的污泥施用量不利于春小麦种子的萌发和幼苗的生长,并且会降低春小麦的产量,还会造成春小麦籽粒中重金属元素含量的超标.经过综合评价,灌漠土合适的污泥施用量范围推荐为30%—50%.Eleven treatments of different application amount of sludge with soil and sludge mixing ratio of 0%,10%,20%,30%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%,90% and 100% were set to determine the proper application amount of sewage sludge used for irrigated desert soil. Effects of application amount of sludge on soil fertility and the growth of spring wheat,and the pollution of heavy metals in soil and spring wheat were investigated by pot experiment. The results showed that proper application amount of sludge increased soil nutrient content and spring wheat yield,and the contents of soil available trace elements such as Mn,Fe,Cu and Zn also increased. The contents of toxic heavy metals such as Pb,Cr,Cu and Zn of soil all met the requirement of national control standards. Exorbitant application amount of sludge was harmful for the germination and growth of spring wheat and decreased spring wheat yield,and made the toxic heavy metals exceeding the limits of national control standards. The proper application amount of sludge to irrigated desert soil is30%—50% by comprehensive evaluation.

关 键 词：污泥施用阈值 重金属 有效态微量元素 灌漠土 

分 类 号：S141.6[农业科学—肥料学] X703[农业科学—农业基础科学]