非瞬时补货下改良品联合采购决策  

Research of Amelioration Items Joint Purchasing Decision With Non-instantaneous replenishment

作　　者：张云丰[1,2] 王勇[1] 龚本刚[2,3] 程永宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学经济与工商管理学院,重庆400030 [2]安徽工程大学管理工程学院,安徽芜湖241000 [3]复旦大学管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2016年第10期124-132,共9页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71672015;71671001;71171002);教育部人文社科基金资助项目(16YJC630012;13YJA630021);安徽省优秀青年人才基金重点资助项目(2013SQRW034ZD);安徽省高校人文社科研究重点项目(SK2016A0121);安徽工程大学校级国家基金预研项目(2016zzyr09)

摘　　要：联合采购往往使订货批量成倍增加,从而更易享受供应商提供的价格折扣,因此联合采购受到零售商们的青睐。考虑由单供应商与多零售商组成的二级改良品供应链中,供应商对零售商提供非瞬时补货,分别建立零售商独立采购与联合采购的单位时间成本函数,求解出两种采购模式的最小单位时间成本并对之进行比较,得到联合采购优于独立采购的必要条件。同时,以联合采购的联盟成本作为分摊对象,应用多人合作博弈理论,将联合采购的成本分摊问题构造成多人合作博弈问题,给出最小核心法的成本分摊思路。通过数值算例演示成本分摊过程,给出净改良率对订货参数及成本参数的敏感性分析,并对四种成本分摊算法的分摊结果作出比较。Joint purchasing tends to make the order quantity multiply,and enjoys the suppliers’ price dis-count more easily,so the retailers favor this purchasing mode.During the period of holding,the ameliorating items will cause ameliorating phenomenon,and lead to ameliorating cost which affects the purchasing decision of the retailers.Moreover,it’s common that the suppliers provide non-instantaneous replenishment mode in our daily life.Considering two-echelon supply chain of ameliorating items consisting of a single supplier and multiple retailers,the suppliers provide price discounts and supply in non-instantaneous replenishment mode.The function of cost per unit time of independent purchasing and joint purchasing for the retailers are set up separately,the cost per unit time of the two purchasing modes are compared in this paper,and the suitable condition that the joint purchasing is superior to the independent purchasing is gotten.In joint purchasing,it must be assured that the cost per unit time allocated by the purchasing alliance cannot be higher than the cost per unit time of retailers’ dependent purchasing.Otherwise,the purchasing alliance will be disrupted.The alliance cost of joint purchasing is treated as the allocation object,multiple persons cooperative game theory is applied to transforming the cost allocation of joint purchasing problem into multiple persons cooperation game problem,and the model of cost allocation is established based on the Least Core method.Then the process of cost allocation is demonstrated according to a numerical example,the sensitivity analysis of the ordering parameters and the cost parameters for the net ameliorating rate are given,and the allocation results of Shapely Value Method,Simplified Minimum Costs-Remaining Savings Method,Two Programming Method and Least Core Method are compared.The research conclusion will provide a theoretical reference for the ameliorating items’ joint purchasing and cost allocation.

关 键 词：改良品 非瞬时补货 联合采购 成本分摊 

分 类 号：F253.2[经济管理—国民经济]