基于柔性支撑的风机传动链动态特性研究  

Dynamic characteristics of a wind turbine drive train with flexible supports

作　　者：张盛林[1] 朱才朝[1] 宋朝省[1] 黄华清[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400030

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2016年第17期44-51,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助(2012BAA01B05);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(106112015CDJXY110008)

摘　　要：为了获得高空的风力资源,风力发电机组大多安装在100 m的塔架上,在变风向与变载荷等恶劣工况共同作用下,塔架的柔性使得风机传动链受力变形复杂,成为风机的薄弱环节。以三点支撑风电机组为研究对象,将塔架考虑成柔性体,利用有限元法提取支撑塔架三个支撑接合部处参数,建立基于柔性支撑风机传动链耦合动力学模型,得到传动链的固有特征。其第一阶次和第二阶次固有频率分别对应塔架的摆振和传动链的扭振,利用坎贝尔图得到传动链的潜在共振频率,通过计算模态能量,对潜在共振点进行识别,得出1.55 Hz为传动链的潜在共振频率。通过风场在线监测,跟踪风机主轴振动随转速的变化规律,实测风机传动链共振频率为1.56 Hz,理论计算结果与实验结果基本一致,误差约为1%。In order to acquire wind energy in high sky,most of wind turbines are installed on 100-meter high towers. The flexibility of tower makes force,stress and deformation of wind turbine drive train become complex,and the wind turbines are always under direction-varying wind loads and harsh working conditions. So,the drive train becomes a weak link. A three-point supported wind turbine model installed on a flexible tower was analyzed,and the 3 supports＇ parameters were extracted with the finite elements method,then the dynamic coupled model of the drive train with flexible supports was established. The natural characteristics of the model were studied. The first two order natural frequencies of the system respectively corresponded to the tower＇s swing and the drive train＇s torsional vibration. Campbell diagram was used to get the potential resonance frequencies of the drive train. The modal-energy was calculated. To identify the potential resonance points and it was shown that 1. 55 Hz is the potential resonance frequency of the drive train. Tests were conducted in the wind field,the vibration characteristics of the wind turbine main shaft were monitored with variation of rotating speed. The results showed that the tested resonance frequency of the drive train is 1. 56 Hz,compared with the calculated one the error is one percent.

关 键 词：风电机组 传动链 动态特性 柔性支撑 耦合分析 

分 类 号：TH132.413[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]