生物絮凝反应器处理水产养殖废水的中试研究  

Pilot-scale study on sequencing batch reactor to treat aquaculture wastewater by biofloc technology

作　　者：王晓用 谭洪新[1,2,3] 罗国芝[1,2,3] 刘文畅[1,2] 庞云[1] 程丽妹 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]水产动物遗传育种上海市协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2016年第6期884-893,共10页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题项目(2012BAD25B03);上海市科技委员会资助项目(14320501900;13320502200);上海市虾类产业技术体系建设(沪农科产字〔2014〕第5号)

摘　　要：运用序批式生物絮凝反应器,研究不同混合液悬浮固体浓度（MLSS,1 500 mg/L、3 000 mg/L和5 000mg/L）下反应器对循环水养殖系统吉富罗非鱼（GIFT Oreochromis niloticus）养殖废水的处理效果。结果表明：反应器内氨氮（TAN）、亚硝氮（NO-2-N）和硝氮（NO-3-N）出水浓度分别为（0.29-0.39）mg/L、（0.005-0.006）mg/L、（7.11-7.60）mg/L,平均去除率分别为82.20%-86.20%、98.40%±0.89%、38.40%-40.00%（P〉0.05）,体积去除负荷为（2.51-2.64）g/（m^3·d）、0.56 g/（m^3·d）、（8.52-9.78）g/（m^3·d）;溶解性无机氮（DIN）的去除率为43.20%-44.60%,体积去除负荷为（10.25-11.61）g/（m^3·d）。三组絮体蛋白质含量差异不显著,分别为30.00%±1.32%、29.87%±0.67%、31.00%±0.75%;粗脂肪含量分别为9.51%±0.94%、4.37%±0.42%、3.65%±0.22%,MLSS 1500 mg/L组显著高于其他两组（P〈0.05）。微生物群落结构分析表明反应器中生物絮体主要为变形菌门（44.66%、44.51%、44.29%）,其次是拟杆菌门（13.89%、13.98%、14.07%）;优势菌属包括Alishewanella、Blastocatella、Amaricoccus、Rhodobacteraceaeunclassified、Terrimonas、Devosia等。实验表明中试生物絮凝反应器具有较好的脱氮效果,有助于实现养殖废水的资源化应用。Three pilot sequencing batch reactors（ SBRs） were employed to treat aquaculture wastewater from a recirculating aquaculture system（ RAS） stocking GIFT Oreochromis niloticus using biofloc technology（ BFT）,under three designed MLSS（ 1 500 mg /L,3 000 mg /L,5 000 mg /L）.The results showed that,the effluent concentrations of ammonia（ TAN）,nitrate（ NO-2-N） and nitrate（ NO-3-N） in SBRs were（ 0.29-0.39） mg / L,（ 0.005-0.006） mg / L,and（ 7.11-7.60） mg / L,respectively; these average removal rates were 82.20%-86.20%,98.40%,and 38.40%-40.00%,respectively（ P〈0.05）; the volume removal loads were（ 2.51-2.64） g /（ m^3·d）,（ 0.56 ± 0.08） g /（ m^3·d）,and（ 8.52-9.78） g /（ m^3·d）;meanwhile,the removal rates and volume removal loads of solubility inorganic nitrogen（ DIN） were43.20%-44.60%,（ 10.25-11.61） g /（ m^3·d）.However,the protein contents of flocs from SBRs showed no significant differences among the three groups,as 30.00% ± 1.32%,29.87% ± 0.67%,and31.00% ± 0.75%,respectively.The crude lipid contents were detected at 9.51% ± 0.94%,4.37% ±0.42%,and 3.65% ± 0.22%,and the crude ash content in 1 500 mg / L group is significantly higher than those in the other two groups（ P〈0.05）.Besides,analysis of high-throughput sequencing revealed that Proteobacteria accounted for the most phyla of bioflocs in SBRs（ 44.66%,44.51%,44.29%）,followed by Bacteroidetes（ 13.89%, 13.98%, 14.07%）; at the genus levels, Alishewanella, Blastocatella,Amaricoccus,Rhodobacteraceae unclassified,Terrimonas and Devosia were identified to be the dominant genera.All the results suggest that the pilot SBRs have good effects on nitrogen removal,and will contribute to realizing the resource utilization of aquaculture wastewater.

关 键 词：生物絮凝技术 序批式反应器 水产养殖 混合液悬浮固体浓度 水处理 

分 类 号：S969.1[农业科学—水产养殖] S912[农业科学—水产科学]