超临界汽轮机红套环高压内缸开裂的强度有限元分析及运行对策  

Finite Element Strength Analysis of a Cracked HP Inner Cylinder with Shrink Ring for Supercritical Steam Turbine and the Countermeasures

作　　者：邓志成[1] 史进渊[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海发电设备成套设计研究院,上海200240

出　　处：《动力工程学报》2016年第12期958-962,969,共6页Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering

基　　金：国家核电员工自主创新资助项目(SNP-KJ-CX-2014-14)

摘　　要：介绍了某型号超临界汽轮机红套环高压内缸强度有限元分析方法，对红套环高压内缸额定负荷稳态工况以及冷态启动、温态启动、热态启动和极热态启动等瞬态工况进行了强度计算与分析，得出了红套环高压内缸额定负荷稳态工况和瞬态工况下的温度场分布和最大应力比，并提出了该汽轮机的优化运行措施．结果表明：红套环高压内缸开裂部位瞬态工况下的应力过大是产生裂纹的主要原因之一；推荐的优化运行措施包括该汽轮机应多带基本负荷，减少机组启停次数，降低启动过程中负荷在29％～56％内主蒸汽的升温率，特别应降低负荷在53％～56％内主蒸汽的升温率．An introduction is presented to the finite element method for the strength analysis of HP inner cylinder with shrink rings in a certain type of supercritical steam turbine, based on which strength analysis and calculation of a cracked HP inner cylinder with shrink rings were conducted respectively at rated load working condition and following transient working conditions, such as in the cold start, warm start, hot start and very hot start process, etc. , so as to obtain the temperature and stress distribution in the cylinder, and subsequently propose countermeasures for operation optimization of the steam turbine. Results show that the excessive stress occuring under transient working conditions is found to be one of the main causes leading to the cracking, which could be avoided by extending the rated load operation time, reducing the start-stop frequency of unit, lowering the heating rate of main steam during start-up period from 29% load to 56% load, especially for the load lying in 53%-56%.

关 键 词：汽轮机 高压内缸 红套环 结构强度 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TK262[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]