4种芽前除草剂防除直播小白菜田杂草的效果及其安全性  

Control effect and safety of four pre-emergence treatment herbicides on weeds in direct seeding Brassica chinensis field

作　　者：田志慧[1] 沈国辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《植物保护》2016年第6期197-201,234,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：上海市绿叶蔬菜产业技术体系杂草专项

摘　　要：采用田间试验方法研究了33%二甲戊灵乳油、96%精异丙甲草胺乳油、50%敌草胺水分散粒剂和90%禾草丹乳油4种芽前除草剂防除直播小白菜田杂草效果及其安全性,筛选出了适于直播小白菜田的芽前除草剂。结果表明,药后35d,33%二甲戊灵乳油有效用量371.25～742.5g/hm2、96%精异丙甲草胺乳油864～1 080g/hm2和90%禾草丹乳油1 687.5～2 025g/hm2处理无论是总草株防效还是鲜重防效均在94.27%以上,其次是50%敌草胺水分散粒剂750～1 500g/hm2处理,防效为85.62%～90.54%。33%二甲戊灵乳油各供试剂量虽对小白菜的出苗没有影响,但对小白菜的生长有一定影响,表现为地上部株高和鲜重受抑制;其他3个供试除草剂各剂量处理对小白菜出苗和生长安全。从除草效果和安全性两方面综合考虑,推荐96%精异丙甲草胺乳油864～1 080g/hm2和90%禾草丹乳油1 687.5～2 025g/hm2用于小白菜田芽前防除杂草。Control effect and safety of 33% pendimethalin EC,96% S-metolachlor EC,50% napropamide WG and 90%thiobencarb EC on weeds in direct seeding Brassica chinensis field were investigated by the field experiment,and pre-emergence treatment herbicides suitable for direct seeding B.chinensis field were also selected.The results indicated that the control efficacy of 33% pendimethalin EC371.25-742.5 g/hm2,96% S-metolachlor EC864-1 080 g/hm2 and 90%thiobencarb EC1 687.5-2 025 g/hm2 on plant height and fresh weight were all above 94.27%.And the control effect of 50% napropamide WG750-1 500 g/hm2 was 85.62%-90.54%.All of the tested dosage of 33% pendimethalin EC had no influence upon emergence of B.chinensis,but had some inhibition upon the height and fresh weight of B.chinensis.The other three pre-emergence treatment herbicides were safe to emergence and growth of B.chinensis.Considering the control effect and safety,96% S-metolachlor EC864-1 080 g/hm2 and90%thiobencarb EC1 687.5-2 025 g/hm2 could be recommended as pre-emergence treatment herbicides in direct seeding B.chinensis field.

关 键 词：小白菜 芽前除草剂 除草效果 安全性 

分 类 号：S451.241[农业科学—植物保护]