瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取物及4种溶剂萃取物对两种叶螨及豌豆蚜的触杀活性比较  

Comparative analysis of the contact activity of different fractions from Stellera chamaejasme root extracts against two Tetranychus and Acyrthosiphon pisum

作　　者：张等宏 陈娥[1] 张小云[1] 张新虎[1] 沈慧敏[1] 吕和平[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《植物保护》2016年第6期229-234,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2012-20)

摘　　要：本文分别采用玻片浸渍法和带虫浸叶法测定比较了瑞香狼毒根乙醇提取物及4种不同溶剂萃取物对截形叶螨、二斑叶螨及豌豆蚜的触杀活性。结果表明,瑞香狼毒根的乙醇提取物对截形叶螨、二斑叶螨、豌豆蚜处理12h的校正死亡率分别为60.28%、59.24%、54.32%,24h的校正死亡率分别为66.75%、61.45%、65.53%;石油醚萃取物对3种供试生物处理12h和24h校正死亡率分别为89.39%、93.70%、91.49%和93.33%、84.19%、100%;氯仿萃取物处理12h和24h后校正死亡率分别为32.11%、35.66%、27.35%和34.47%、35.95%、38.60%,瑞香狼毒4种溶剂萃取物触杀活性顺序为:石油醚>氯仿>水>乙酸乙酯,随着浓度增大,萃取物对3种供试生物的触杀活性明显增强,表现出良好的量效关系。石油醚萃取物对截形叶螨12h和24h的LC50分别为2.040 2mg/mL和0.8mg/mL;对二斑叶螨12h和24h的LC50分别为0.280 3mg/mL和0.037mg/mL;对豌豆蚜12h和24h的LC50分别为0.911 4mg/mL和0.360 5mg/mL,24h毒力均高于12h毒力。Contact activities of the ethanol extract and its different solvent extracted fractions from roots of Stelle- ra chamaejasme against Tetranychus truncates Ehara, T. urticae Koch and Acyrthosiphon pisum were tested by dip method. The results showed that, after treatment with ethanol extract of S. chamaejasme, the corrected mortali- ties of two Tetranychus species and A. pisum at 12 h were 60.28%, 59.24% and 54.32%, while at 24 h were 66.75%, 61.45% and 65.53%, respectively. The corrected mortalities of three tested pests treated with petrole- um ether extracts at 12 h were 89.39%, 93.70% and 91.49%, while at 24 h were 93.33%, 84.19% and 100% respectively. The corrected mortalities were 32.11%, 35.66% and 27.35% at 12 h, and 34.47%, 35.95% and 38.60% at 24 h, respectively, after treatment with chloroform extracts. The order of contact activities of differ- ent solvents extracts against Tetranychus and A. pisum were： petroleum ether extract 〉 ethanol extract 〉 chlor- oform extract 〉 water phase extract 〉 ethyl acetate extract. Among them, the petroleum ether extract showed the strongest contact activity against three kinds of pests, with LC50 values of 2. 040 2 mg/mL, 0. 280 3 mg/mL and 0. 911 4 mg/mL at 12 h, 0.8 mg/mL, 0. 037 mg/mL and 0. 360 5 mg/mL at 24 h, respectively.

关 键 词：瑞香狼毒 萃取物 截形叶螨 二斑叶螨 豌豆蚜 触杀活性 

分 类 号：S482[农业科学—农药学]