美国的大国创新战略布局及对我国的启示  

Big Country's Innovation Strategy of US and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：徐芳[1] 张换兆[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学技术发展战略研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《全球科技经济瞭望》2016年第9期1-5,共5页Global Science，Technology and Economy Outlook

基　　金：国家软科学计划"十三五科技发展规划编制思路研究"(2013GXS3K051)

摘　　要：自金融危机以来,美国在短短五年的时间里颁布了三版创新战略。2015年的《美国创新战略》突出强调政府主动靠前支撑创新,突出强调大众创业和培育创新生态,优先发展九大领域,使国际实力格局再现对美国有利态势。借鉴《美国创新战略》的经验,建议我国加快建设创新型政府,推动创新平台建设,进一步激发群众创新创业积极性,参与解决科学问题和创新难点,设立"创客节"和"全国市长创客挑战",激励草根型、社区式创新,更加重视并聚焦创新生态培育。U.S. has issued three innovation strategies within five years since financial crisis. The 2015 version of U.S. Innovation Strategy, which highlights the responsibilities of supporting innovation initiatively by the government, public entrepreneurship and fostering the innovation ecosystem, develops nine priority fields, promotes a more favorable international competition situation for U.S. From the experience of U.S. Innovation Strategy, this paper suggests China to build innovation-oriented government and innovation platform, to further stimulate the public entrepreneurship to participate in resolving the science problem and innovation difficulties, to establish the Maker＇s Day and National Mayor Entrepreneurship Challenge to encourage grassroot innovation and community innovation, and to pay more attention and focus on the creation of innovation ecosystem.

关 键 词：美国 创新战略 再工业化战略 创客 创新型政府 

分 类 号：F137.12[经济管理—世界经济]